Plant primary cell walls are composite structures surrounding the protoplast and containing pectins, hemicelluloses, cellulose polysaccharides, as well proteins. Their composition changed during evolution of green lineage from algae to terrestrial plants, i.e., an aquatic a environment. The constraints life in environments have generated new requirements for organisms, necessitating adaptations...

BACKGROUND beta-Lactams like penicillin and cephalosporin are among the oldest known antibiotics used against bacterial infections. Industrially, penicillin is produced by the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum. Our goal is to introduce the entire penicillin biosynthesis pathway into the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Yeast species have the advantage of being versatile, easy...

Saccharomyces cerevisiae SU50B and Hansenula polymorpha 8/2, both carrying a multicopy integrated guar alpha-galactosidase, have been cultivated in continuous cultures, using various mixtures of carbon sources and cultivation conditions. Both S. cerevisiae SU50B and H. polymorpha 8/2 are stable and produce high levels of extracellular alpha-galactosidase in continuous cultures for more than 500...

The recently discovered organic cofactor of bovine serum amine oxidase, topa quinone, is an uncommon amino acid residue in the polypeptide backbone (Janes, S. M., Mu, D., Wemmer, D., Smith, A. J., Kaur, S., Maltby, D., Burlingame, A. L., and Klinman, J. P. (1990) Science 248, 981-987). The amine oxidase gene from the yeast Hansenula polymorpha has been cloned and sequenced (Bruinenberg, P. G., ...

to evaluate of drought stress and foliar application of zinc and iron on two annual medics species, experimental field was carried out with split factorial based on randomized complete block design in three replication with treatments of foliar application (controlled, fe, zn and iron+ zinc) and cutoff irrigation from (50% flowering , lower pod maturity,10 days before starting of flowering and ...

We report a reversal in the sign of the herbivore–phytoplankton interaction between the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and Microcystis aeruginosa, a harmful planktonic cyanobacterium. A pair of large-scale manipulations of mussel density in the same lake in consecutive years showed that when phosphorus concentrations were very low (mean total phosphorus [TP] ; 3 mg L21), the effect of Drei...