Roxithromycin has recently been shown to possess significant in vitro activity against a variety of atypical mycobacteria such as the M. avium complex, M. scrofulaceum, M. szulgai, M. malmoense, M. xenopi, M. marinum, and M. kansasii and rare pathogens like M. chelonei and M. fortuitum. In the present investigation, screening of its in vitro activity was further extended by testing it against 3...

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) causing human infectious disease have become increasingly common. Rapid and accurate identification to the species level is, therefore, critical. The Speed-Oligo Mycobacteria assay is an oligochromatographic method that was made available recently for the identification and differentiation of mycobacteria. The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of ...

Newly synthesized rifamycin derivatives, KRM-1648, KRM-1657, KRM-1668, KRM-1686, and KRM-1687, having the chemical structures of 3'-hydroxy-5'-(4-alkylpiperazinyl)-benzoxazinorifamycins (alkyl residues: isobutyl, propyl, sec-butyl, sec-butyl [R configuration], and sec-butyl [S configuration], respectively), were studied for their in vitro antimycobacterial activities. Representative (KRM-1648) ...

A total of 842 wild boar of differing ages, originating from 29 (37.7%) of the 77 districts in the Czech Republic, were examined during the hunting seasons from 2002 to 2005. Of them, 274 (32.5%) of the animals were wild specimens and 568 (67.5%) from game parks. Out of 786 animals, the following were included in the study: 668 piglets, 61 juveniles, 32 adult males and 25 adult females. A total...

Polypeptide Ags present in the culture filtrate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were purified and evaluated for their ability to stimulate PBMC from purified protein derivative (PPD)-positive healthy donors. One such Ag, which elicited strong proliferation and IFN-gamma production, was further characterized. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of this polypeptide was determined and used to design ...

Identification of 18 mycobacterial species was performed by analysis of profiles obtained by using gas-liquid chromatography. Organisms were saponified in methanolic NaOH, and the reaction mixture was treated with BF(3) in methanol and extracted with a hexane-chloroform mixture. An identification scheme was developed from 128 stock strains and tested against a collection of 79 clinical isolates...

Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, Mycobacterium scrofulaceum, Mycobacterium marinum, and Mycobacterium chelonae tolerate high concentrations of the dyes malachite green and crystal violet. Cells of strains of those species decolorized (reduced) both malachite green and crystal violet. Because decolorized malachite green lacked antimicrobial activity, the resistance of these myc...

Biologically active (14)C-labeled purified protein derivative ((14)C-PPD) has been prepared from the culture filtrates of seven species of mycobacteria, namely Mycobacterium tuberculosis Johnston strain (PPD), M. bovis BCG (PPD-BCG), M. avium (PPD-A), M. kansasii (PPD-Y), M. intracellulare (PPD-B), M. scrofulaceum (PPD-G), and M. fortuitum (PPD-F). These mycobacteria were grown in a culture med...

Immune reconstitution disease (IRD) among HIV infected patients is an adverse consequence of restoration of immune responses during the initial months of antiretroviral treatment (ART). Previously, subclinical infections are ‘‘unmasked’’ or pre-existing opportunistic infections clinically deteriorate. Here we describe an unusual case in which a patient developed acute bilateral parotid enlargem...