Orbital observations by the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft are used to re-evaluate the nature and origin of the oldest mapped plains deposits on Mercury, the intercrater and intermediate plains units defined by Mariner 10 investigators. Despite the large areal extent of these plains, which comprise approximately one-third of the planetary su...

One of the major drawbacks of IC engines is low efficiency and pollution resulting from incomplete combustion. In order to improve the emission properties and performance an oxygenated additive MTBE (Methyl tertiary butyl ether), is blended with gasoline. A four cylinder, 1817 cc engine was used for analysing both emission and performance characteristics. Tests were carried out with 100% pure g...

The paper discusses collectivity in an organizational context. Collectivity refers to the interface between the social and the cultural. It is a social ’unit’, but it is defined through the meanings, definitions and distinctions of the people involved. The paper addresses cultural and processual aspects on collectivity. Eight dimensions of collectivity are highlighted. Two case studies of consu...

ions are populatedbyan energy transfer (ET) process fromS7/2 (Gd)+( P1, L8, M10) (Ho)PJ (Gd)+ I8 (Ho). A four-photon ET UC process was confirmed by the dependence of the P7/2 level emission intensity on the pumping power.We found that the intensity of the UC emissions increasedwith Gd ion concentration and peaked at 8 mol%, then starts to decrease until the Gd ion concentration reached 70 mol%....

Remarkably little advice has been offered in the way of helping management develop appropriate strategies to cope with different forms of uncertainty. In an effort to fill this gap, the present article combines extant research from economics and strategy to identify two broad classes of uncertainty and the generic strategies that are appropriate to handle each class of uncertainty. We point out...