the present study attempted the relative effect of explicit teaching of textual metadiscourse markers on esap reading comprehension performance of iranian university students through an awareness raising experiment. a sixty-item multiple choice esap reading comprehension test of accounting was developed and validated to act as the pre-test and post-test. the test included items for assessing sp...

Throughout the social sciences, theorists have grappled with the problem of interdependence; what is the connection between the social world of individuals, groups and their interactions, and that of complex organizations, institutions, and social structures? This problem is still being investigated in sociology, where is it called by some the “micro-macro” problem and by others problem of the ...

the current study is an attempt to investigate the impact of explicit instruction of metadiscourse markers on advanced, intermediate, and elementary efl learners’ writing performance. the participants of the study were 94 undergraduate students majoring in english literature at the university of isfahan. to elicit the relevant data, participants were given a pretest of writing ability to check ...

The current study is an attempt to investigate the impact of explicit instruction of metadiscourse markers on advanced, intermediate, and elementary EFL learners’ writing performance. The participants of the study were 94 undergraduate students majoring in English Literature at the University of Isfahan. To elicit the relevant data, participants were given a pretest of writing ability to check ...

In this paper we describe patterns of spatial co-ordination that, we propose, are a distinctive characteristic of multi-person face-to-face interactions. The data come from a task in which participants describe some simple, non-spatial, computer code in an instructor / learner scenario. Three participants take part; 2 instructors and 1 learner. Using excerpts from these interactions we show tha...

In addition to being able to infer a user's domain goals, a natural language expert consultation system must also be able to 1) recognize the user's preferences regarding the domain plan being developed and 2) infer the user's problem-solving goals and model the problem-solving process. This paper discusses both the usefulness of user preferences to the plan recognition process and the necessit...

© 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Why do some neighborhoods have higher crime rates than others? What is it about certain communities that consistently generate high crime rates? These are the central questions of interest for social disorganization theory, a macro‐level perspective concerned with explaining the spatial distribution of crime across areas. ...