Diabetic macular edema is the most common cause of visual impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis of macular edema is complex and multifactorial. For many years, laser photocoagulation has been considered the standard therapy for the treatment of diabetic macular edema; however, few patients achieve significant improvements in visual acuity. Today the intravitreal admini...

by indocyanine green angiography in a patient with retention of good vision for almost four years. Retina. 1994;14:114-124. 3. Borodkin MJ, Thompson JT. Retinal cartography: an analysis of two-dimensional and threedimensional mapping of the retina. Retina. 1992; 12:273-280. 4. Snyder JP. Map Projections: A Working Manual, USGS Professional Paper. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 1...

by indocyanine green angiography in a patient with retention of good vision for almost four years. Retina. 1994;14:114-124. 3. Borodkin MJ, Thompson JT. Retinal cartography: an analysis of two-dimensional and threedimensional mapping of the retina. Retina. 1992; 12:273-280. 4. Snyder JP. Map Projections: A Working Manual, USGS Professional Paper. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 1...

PURPOSE To utilize optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) to describe alterations in the retinal and choriocapillaris vasculature following remote laser photocoagulation. Lesions are classified on the basis of choriocapillaris alteration as evaluated on en face OCTA. METHODS This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study analyzing 28 laser photocoagulation scars from 8...

INTRODUCTION Laser photocoagulation has been the standard treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) for several decades. The discovery of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the subsequent determination of its critical role in the development DME and PDR has led to the development of VEGF inhibitory drugs. Ranibizumab was the first anti-VE...

PURPOSE Macular edema is one of the serious side effects associated with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). The inhibitory effect of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) on leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in vivo after PRP was evaluated. METHODS Argon laser photocoagulation was performed in one half of the retinas in male Brown Norway rats. Experimental rats were injected with 2 mg TA (50-mic...

A 47 year old male patient visited our hospital with the chief complaint of deterioration of the visual acuity in the left eye. The fundus examination revealed thick hard exudates, multiple aneurysms and telangiectasias of the retinal vessels in the posterior pole. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated massive leakage over an area of the aneurysms. Optical coherence tomography (Stratus OCT; Zeis...

AIM We aimed to evaluate the 1-year efficacy and safety of low-frequency intravitreal bevacizumab in the treatment of macular edema due to retinal vein occlusions (RVOs). METHODS The study comprised an interventional prospective study of patients with macular edema due to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) or branch retinal vein occlusion, followed for 12 months. Treatment-naïve patients w...

Purpose To investigate the effect of the vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) inhibitor RTU-1096 on retinal morphologic changes and ocular inflammation after retinal laser photocoagulation in mice. Methods C57BL/6JJcl mice were fed a diet containing RTU-1096, a specific inhibitor for VAP-1, or a control diet ad libitum for 7 days. Laser photocoagulation was performed on the peripheral retina o...