The most important mathematical operation for any computing system is addition. An efficient adder can be of greater assistance in designing of any arithmetic circuits. Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a promising nanotechnology to create electronic circuits for computing devices and suitable candidate for next generation of computing systems. The article presents a modest approach to imp...

We report a scanning photocurrent microscopy (SPCM) study of colloidal lead selenide (PbSe) quantum dot (QD) thin film field-effect transistors (FETs). PbSe QDs are chemically treated with sodium sulfide (Na2S) and coated with amorphous alumina (a-Al2O3) by atomic layer deposition (ALD) to obtain high mobility, air-stable FETs with a strongly gate-dependent conductivity. SPCM reveals a long pho...

We have modeled InAs nanowires using finite element methods considering the actual device geometry, the semiconducting nature of the channel and surface states, providing a comprehensive picture of charge distribution and gate action. The effective electrostatic gate width and screening effects are taken into account. A pivotal aspect is that the gate coupling to the nanowire is compromised by ...

The central question addressed in this article is whether the test scores of immigrants and majority group members reflect the same dimensions. Use was made of scores on the Dutch version of the General Aptitude Test Battery on first-generation immigrants (N = 1,322) and majority group members (N = 806) who applied for blue-collar jobs in the Netherlands. The group differences with respect to t...

Amedian of a sequence π = x1, x2, . . . , xk of elements of a finite metric space (X, d) is an element x for which ∑k i=1 d(x, xi) is minimum. The function M with domain the set of all finite sequences on X and defined by M(π) = {x : x is a median of π} is called the median function on X, and is one of the most studied consensus functions. Based on previous characterizations of median sets M(π)...

We elaborate on the convexity properties of (not necessarily finite) weakly median graphs and their prime constituents in order to establish a number of equations in terms of the weakly median operation. Then the weakly median graphs can be identified with the discrete members of an equational class of ternary algebras satisfying five independent axioms on two to four points. This demonstrates ...

Application of quantum-dot is a promising technology for implementing digital systems at nano-scale.  Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a system with low power consumption and a potentially high density and regularity. Also, QCA supports the new devices with nanotechnology architecture. This technique works </...

   Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) technology is a solution for implementation of the nanometer sized circuits and it can be a suitable replacement for CMOS. Similar to CMOS technology, designing the basic computational element such as adder with the QCA technology is regarded as one of the most important issues that extensive researches have been done about it. In this paper, a new eff...

The concept and technics of real space renormalization group are applied to study majority rule voting in hierarchical structures. It is found that democratic voting can lead to totalitarianism by keeping in power a small minority. Conditions of this paradox are analyzed and singled out. Indeed majority rule produces critical thresholds to absolute power. Values of these thresholds can vary fro...