This paper investigates observer design problem for a large class of nonlinear singular systems with multiple outputs. We firstly regularize the singular system by injecting the derivative of outputs into the system. Then differential geometric method is applied to transform the regularized system into a simple normal form, for which a Luenberger-like observer is proposed.

This paper uses a meta-Malmquist index for measuring productivity change of the water industry in England and Wales and compares this to the traditional Malmquist index. The meta-Malmquist index computes productivity change with reference to a meta-frontier, it is computationally simpler and it is circular. The analysis covers all 22 UK water companies in existence in 2007, using data over the ...

Ports offer an effective way to facilitate the global economy. However, massive carbon emission during port operating aggravates atmospheric pollution in cities. Capturing characteristics of is vital reduce GHG (greenhouse gas) maritime realm as well achieve China’s neutral objective. In this work, integrated framework proposed for exploring driving factors China ports’ emissions combined with ...

The purpose of this study is to reveal the impact economic-growth pressure on green total factor productivity (GTFP) provide a reference for promoting development in China. Based objective-management perspective, paper takes panel data 249 cities China from 2006 2019 as sample, using directional distance function and Malmquist–Luenberger Productivity Index measure GTFP, then dual fixed-effect m...

With efficient and effective access to information technology, exports could be the best solution for businesses tackle climate change through “learning by exporting” sustainable development. this context as reference, study uses directional distance function Malmquist–Luenberger Productivity Index (MLPI) analyze “green” total factor productivity (GTFP) growth of exporting firms in India compar...

Improving agricultural green total factor productivity (AGTFP) is an important aspect of sustainable development. Agricultural services, a new way farmland utilization in production, solved the problem ‘who and how to farm’ context labor off-farm migration. The literature has analyzed different factors that affect AGTFP, but there relative dearth research into services AGTFP. Therefore, based o...

In this paper, we present a method and associated theory for solving the multi-input Sylvester-Observer equation arising in the construction of the Luenberger observer in control theory. The proposed method is a particular generalization of the algorithm described by Datta and Saad in 1991 to the multi-output. We give some theoretical results and present some numerical experiments to show the a...

This paper decomposes the Malmquist productivity index into several assembling components: technical change (further break down into technical change magnitude, input bias and output bias), technical efficiency change, scale efficiency change, and output-mix effect. A translog output distance function is chosen to represent the production technology and each component of the Malmquist index is ...

The performance of a supply chain can be evaluated in either a cross-sectional or a time series manner, and data envelopment analysis is a useful method for both types of evaluation. In this paper we develop an index and indicator of productivity change that can be used with radial and non-radial models for supply chain malmquist index. The supply chain malmquist productivity index (SCMPI) can ...

Under the concept of metafrontier, technology gap ratio is alternatively interpreted as potential energy efficiency. Combined with Malmquist index framework and Shephard energy distance function, we then develop a metafrontier Malmquist energy productivity index to analyze the total-factor energy productivity growth with four specific components: groupfrontier efficiency change index, groupfron...