The Marangoni contraction of sessile drops of a binary mixture of a volatile and a nonvolatile liquid has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. The origin of the contraction is the locally inhomogeneous evaporation rate of sessile drops. This leads to surface tension gradients and thus to a Marangoni flow. Simulations show that the interplay of Marangoni flow, capillary flow, diff...

The drying process of polymer solutions coated on a flat substrate is very important in various industrial applications. We have proposed and modified a model of the drying process of a polymer solution coated on a flat substrate for uniform polymer film deposition. We used the model to control the thickness of a thin film after drying through management of the temperature, evaporation, and con...

We apply nonlinear feedback control to govern the stability of long-wave oscillatory Marangoni patterns. focus on patterns caused by instability in thin liquid film heated from below with a deformable free surface. This emerges case substrate low thermal conductivity, when two monotonic instabilities, Pearson’s and deformational ones, are coupled. provide weakly analysis within amplitude equati...

Flows of thin fluid layers spreading, which have a distinguished history, been studied since the days Reynolds, who was among early researchers to examine flows. Different from surfactant-driven is currently most common subject study, we observe spreading process n-hexadecane driven by volatile silicone oil at surface aqueous substrates and explore influence Marangoni flow caused tension gradie...

The design and performance of liquid metal batteries (LMBs), a new technology for gridscale energy storage, depend on fluid mechanics because the battery electrodes and electrolytes are entirely liquid. Here, we review prior and current research on the fluid mechanics of LMBs, pointing out opportunities for future studies. Because the technology in its present form is just a few years old, only...

Free convection occuring during the drying of plane layers of polymer solutions may be due to various mechanisms, based on buoyancy or Marangoni effect, of thermal or solutal origin. This theoretical and numerical work provides all the required tools to analyze thoroughly the problem. In this transient flow, different methods (frozen time, non-normal, nonlinear methods) are proposed to predict ...

Radially oriented anthracene nanowires and their self-assembled concentric ring arrays were prepared through a facial solvent-evaporation method. The successful growth of anthracene nanowires can be attributed to a combined mechanism of molecular self-assembly facilitated by strong π-π intermolecular interactions together with evaporation-induced capillary flow and fingering instability. Their ...

Nonuniform evaporation from sessile droplets induces radial convection within the drop, which produces the well-known "coffee-ring" effect. The evaporation also induces a gradient in temperature and consequently a gradient in surface tension, generating a Marangoni flow. Here we investigate theoretically and experimentally the thermal Marangoni flow and establish criteria to gauge its influence...

Long-wave Marangoni instabilities can be induced thermally on a thin liquid layer overlying a horizontal solid substrate with either a uniform or a nonuniform base temperature. For a nonuniform base temperature, the film height thickens near the region where temperature gradients are negligible and severely thins upstream; "fingering" patterns are observed in this region. These states are relat...