The yellow, orange, or red colors of salmonid eggs are due to maternally derived carotenoids whose functions are not sufficiently understood yet. Here, we studied the significance of naturally acquired carotenoids as maternal environmental effects during embryo development in brown trout (Salmo trutta). We collected eggs from wild females, quantified their egg carotenoid content, fertilized the...

Direct and maternal components were estimated for birth weight and weaning weight in a multibreed cattle population. Data consisted of 20840 records of calves with varying levels of British (B), Charolais (C), Simmental (S) and Afrikaner (A) breeds. It included several F1, backcrosses, threebreed and fourbreed crosses, having an approximate average composition of /8B : /8S : /8C : /8A. The numb...

BACKGROUND The association of grand multiparity and poor pregnancy outcome has not been consistent for decades. Classifying grand multiparous women as a high-risk group without clear evidence of a consistent association with adverse outcomes can lead to socioeconomic burdens to the mother, family and health systems. We compared the maternal and perinatal complications among grand multiparous an...

A total of 138,869 lactation milk yields (305 d, milked twice daily, mature equivalent) from the first three parities of 68,063 New York Holstein cows were used to estimate variance components that were due to additive direct genetic effects, cow permanent environmental effects (cow within sire for sire model), sire by herd interaction effects, and cytoplasmic line effects. The original data we...

BACKGROUND Predicting effects of rapid climate change on populations depends on measuring the effects of climate stressors on performance, and potential for adaptation. Adaptation to stressful climatic conditions requires heritable genetic variance for stress tolerance present in populations. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We quantified genetic variation in tolerance of early development of t...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of grand multiparity and its effect on maternal and fetal outcome in our tertiary care facility. DESIGN: A descriptive study. PLACE AND DURATION: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Unit I), Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad-Sindh, Pakistan; from 20 February to 20 July 2006. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: All unbooked and referred grandmultipara women were...

Teaching, research, and herd breeding applications may require calculation of breed additive contributions for direct and maternal Brazilian Journal of Genetics Calculation of breed direct and maternal ... http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-845519... 2 of 14 5/2/2008 1:54 PM genetic effects and fractions of heterozygosity associated with breed specific direct and mater...

Abstract We hypothesized that late gestational nutrient restriction (NR) would decrease organ mass in neonatal calves. Fall-calving crossbred beef heifers (BW: 466 ± 30 [SD] kg; BCS: 5.4 0.5) bred to a single sire were individually fed 100% (control; n = 10) or 70% (nutrient restricted; NR; 12) of NASEM metabolizable energy and protein requirements for maintenance, pregnancy, growth from d 160 ...

Scientific data for carcass traits of terminal-sire sheep breeds can be used to improve the value of market lambs, but information is lacking for modern terminal-sire breeds in the United States. Thus, the effects of terminal-sire breed on 14 fabricated carcass measurements were determined in F1 wether lambs. Columbia, USMARC-Composite (Composite), Suffolk, and Texel rams were mated with mature...