The paper considers the issues of necessity of use of mathematical simulation of the structuring process by crystallization. Performing such mathematical simulation of the casting process with directed crystallization will allow developing both the theoretical procedure for evaluation of grain of the cast structure and specify the basic requirements to the thermal and physical parameters of the...

A tractable scientific basis is needed for M&S modeling, specification, abstraction, refinement, composition, and decomposition. While the component composition, abstraction, and refinement work of others will provide valuable insights, M&S fundamentals for physical systems must be applicable to the lowest level of knowledge about those systems. Starting with objects, components, or systems (su...

Petroleum resources are found within sedimentary rocks that have a sufficient interconnected void space to store and transmit fluids. The actual flow of liquid and gas phases occurs on a micrometer scale in the void space between rock grains. On the other hand, the hydrocarbon is typically carried in rock zones that are a few tens of meters thick but extend several kilometers in the lateral dir...

Various methods have been used to quantify the kinematic variability or stability of the human spine. However, each of these methods evaluates dynamic behavior within the stable region of state space. In contrast, our goal was to determine the extent of the stable region. A 2D mathematical model was developed for a human sitting on an unstable seat apparatus (i.e., the "wobble chair"). Forward ...

6 Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics 7 and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University 8 of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA; and 9 Department of Mathematics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W...

Hydrogels have a large number of potential applications in microelectromechanical technology as sensors and actuators. In this paper we try to understand the physics of dissolvable hydrogels and investigate the various parameters controlling the dissolution process. Hydrogels, crosslinked via disulfide bonds, when immersed in a solution containing the disulfide cleaving agent can break covalent...

Mathematical models have been widely used to understand, predict, or optimize many complex physical processes. In particular, simulation of environmental eeects of air polution is extensive. Here we address the need for using similar models to understand the fate and transport of groundwater contaminants and to design in situ remediation strategies. Three basic problem areas must be addressed i...

Intelligent drug delivery devices have been developed during the last decades to deliver drugs in a controlled manner at specific locations. Some of these systems use stimuli-responsive polymers (where the drug is entrapped) that are able to respond to the modification of the external environment (like electric fields, pH and temperature). Electric fields are an interesting type of stimulus bec...

In the process of the optimum design of aprons, solutions should be found for problems and such issues as the optimum area and dimensions of the apron, including the passenger and the cargo the number and dimensions of the gates on the basis of different types of aircraft parking configuration aircraft simulation and arrangement in different time periods of the given day at the airport. In this...