Mediterranean climate is found on five continents and supports five global biodiversity hotspots. Based on combined downscaled results from 23 atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) for three emissions scenarios, we determined the projected spatial shifts in the mediterranean climate extent (MCE) over the next century. Although most AOGCMs project a moderate expansion in the globa...

In this paper, we present results for the Minimum Classi cation Error (MCE) [1] framework for discriminative training applied to tasks in continuous phoneme recognition. The results obtained using MCE are compared with results for Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). We examine the ability of MCE to attain high recognition performance with a small number of parameters. Phoneme-level and string-...

Objectives. This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of education for trainees on the gross findings identified by conventional white-light endoscopy (CWE), the microvascular patterns identified by magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopy (MNE), and the pit patterns identified by magnifying chromoendoscopy (MCE) in estimation of the invasion depth of colorectal tumors. Methods. A ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Depth of invasion is one of the most important factors for establishing treatment strategy for colorectal tumors. METHODS Three blinded experts reviewed electronic photos and video clips of 33 early colorectal cancer-like lesions. They estimated the depth of invasion based on conventional white light endoscopy (CWE), magnifying chromoendoscopy (MCE), and magnifying narrow band...

Background:It is well known that collateral circulation has important roles in ischemic heart diseases. The method most commonly used at present to evaluate collateral flow is coronary angiography. However, there are debates about the functional significance of angiographically visible collaterals because angiography visualizes only vessels that are larger than 100um in diameter. Recent studies...

In this paper, we generalize the training error definitions for minimum classification error (MCE) training and investigate their impact on recognition performance. Starting the conventional MCE method, we discuss with three issues in regard to training error definition, which may affect the recognizer performance and need to be extensively studied. We focus our discussions on the first two asp...

It is well known that the minimal change principle was widely used in knowledge base updates. However, recent research has shown that conventional minimal change methods, eg. the PMA 9], are generally problematic for updating knowledge bases with disjunctive information under some circumstances. In this paper, we propose a new approach, which is called the minimal change with exceptions (the MC...

OBJECTIVE This study sought to compare the accuracy of myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) and wall motion analysis (WMA) during submaximal and peak dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). BACKGROUND The relative merits of MCE and WMA for the detection of CAD during DSE have not been studied in a large number of patients. METHODS W...