1 Computer and Information Science Department, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; email: [email protected] Abstract  Recent revisions in the Computer Science Accreditation Commission's criteria for accreditation of Computer Science programs have introduced specific requirements for programs to have precisely defined objectives and outcomes, as well as suitable assessment mechan...

Glucose homeostasis is controlled by endocrine pancreatic cells, and any pancreatic disturbance can result in diabetes. Because 8% to 12% of diabetic pregnant women present with malformed fetuses, there is great interest in understanding the etiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and treatment of gestational diabetes. Hyperglycemia enhances the production of reactive oxygen species, leading t...

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) is increasingly used in a number of areas of medical practice. It is a unique intervention whose method of action is not well understood. Clinicians may request its use for their patients, but often will not fully understand its mechanisms. It is hoped that this review and discussion of HBO and the literature surrounding its use may be useful to clinicians who ar...

Helicobacter pylori colonizes the stomachs of half of the world's population and usually persists in the gastric mucosa of human hosts for decades or life. Although most H. pylori-positive people are asymptomatic, the presence of H. pylori is associated with increased risk for the development of peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric lymphoma. The development of a sustained ga...

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation is so far the most effective therapeutic modality for end-stage liver diseases, but ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury represents a critical barrier to liver transplantation. Primary graft dysfunction and small-for-size syndrome are closely associated with I/R injury. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is defined as a brief period of liver ischemia followed by reperf...

Invention activities are structured tasks in which students create mathematical methods that attempt to capture deep properties of data (e.g., variability), prior to receiving instruction on canonical methods (e.g., mean deviation). While experiments have demonstrated the learning benefits of invention activities, the mechanisms of transfer remain unknown. We address this question by evaluating...

The skin acts as a complex sensory organ. The emerging new data on peripheral pain mechanisms from within the skin is presented. This data has led to new insights into the potential pain mechanisms for various pain conditions including neuropathic pain (from small fiber neuropathies) and Complex Regional Pain Syndrome. The somatosensory neurons that innervate our skin constantly update our brai...

Background A void in real-world rollover data compilation was fi lled in 2002 with the release of “Characteristics of Fatal Rollover Crashes” (DOT HS 809 438.) Using the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), DOT HS 809 438 examined an important segment of the rollover population. It was shown in the referenced report that, generally, those without restraint and subject to ejection are the ...

BACKGROUND Health services across the world increasingly face pressures on the use of expensive hospital services. Better organisation and delivery of primary care has the potential to manage demand and reduce costs for hospital services, but routine primary care services are not open during evenings and weekends. Extended access (evening and weekend opening) is hypothesized to reduce pressure ...

Expressive writing, in which individuals put their thoughts and feelings about traumatic events into words, can benefit physical health by fostering insight into the personal meaning of stressful experiences. The authors predicted that expressive writing would neither increase insight nor reduce symptoms of illness among Asian Americans, whose culture deemphasizes the act of verbalization in me...