In this paper we present a formalization of Abadi’s and Cardelli’s theory of objects in the interactive theorem prover Isabelle/HOL. Our motivation is to build a mechanized HOL-framework for the analysis of a functional calculus for distributed objects. In particular, we present (a) a formal model of objects and its operational semantics based on de Bruijn indices (b) a parallel reduction relat...

I use mechanized verification to examine several firstand higher-order formalizations of Anselm’s Ontological Argument against the charge of begging the question. I propose three different criteria for a premise to beg the question in fully formal proofs and find that one or another applies to all the formalizations examined. My purpose is to demonstrate that mechanized verification provides an...

Data for this study were obtained with the aid of structured questionnaire. A total of 70 questionnaires were administered to the palm oil farmers/ producers with the response rate of 95.71 %. The data were analysed by the use of descriptive statistics, multiple regression and costs and returns tools. The results obtained revealed that although mechanized palm oil processors were not fully econ...

Mechanized nanoparticles (MNPs) consisting of supramolecular machines attached to the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles are designed to release encapsulated guest molecules controllably under pH activation. The molecular machines are comprised of cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) rings that encircle tethered trisammonium stalks and can be tuned to respond under specific pH conditions through che...

We face the problem of obtaining a certified version of a crucial algorithm in the field of Homological Algebra, known as “Perturbation Lemma”. This lemma is intensively used in the software system “Kenzo”, devoted to symbolic computation in Homological Algebra. To this end, we use the proof assistant “Isabelle”. Our main motivations are to increase the knowledge in the algorithmic nature of th...

Forests in lowland Bolivia suffer from severe deforestation caused by different types of agents and land use activities. We identify three major proximate causes of deforestation. The largest share of deforestation is attributable to the expansion of mechanized agriculture, followed by cattle ranching and small-scale agriculture. We utilize a spatially explicit multinomial logit model to analyz...