Spatial estimations are increasingly used to estimate geocoded ambient particulate matter (PM) concentrations in epidemiologic studies because measures of daily PM concentrations are unavailable in most U.S. locations. This study was conducted to a) assess the feasibility of large-scale kriging estimations of daily residential-level ambient PM concentrations, b) perform and compare cross-valida...

This paper applies a novel Kriging model to the interpolation of stochastic simulation with high computational expense. The novel Kriging model is developed by using Taylor expansion to construct a drift function for Kriging, thus named Taylor Kriging. The interpolation capability of Taylor Kriging for stochastic simulation is empirically compared with those of Simple Kriging and Ordinary Krigi...

This paper presents the applications of Kriging spatial interpolation methods for meteorologic variables, including temperature and relative humidity, in regions of Vietnam. Three types of interpolation methods are used, which are as follows: Ordinary Kriging, Universal Kriging, and Universal Kriging plus Digital Elevation model correction. The input meteorologic data was collected from 98 grou...

road transport is a ubiquitous source of lead contamination in the soil near highways with direct and indirect impacts on human health. accumulation of traffic-induced lead in the soils depends on gasoline lead content, traffic volume, as well as meteorological conditions. to evaluate the effect of traffic on soil lead concentration, 113 samples from the topsoil (0-15 cm) were collected in a re...

Maps are useful scientific tools for presenting environmental information, but the statistical techniques necessary to prepare scientifically rigorous maps have primarily focused on terrestrial habitats. This study compares three popular techniques (triangulation, kriging, and co-kriging) to map sediment grain size in Santa Monica Bay, California. Two grain size data sets, one collected in 1994...

This paper investigates the use of Kriging in random simulation when the simulation output variances are not constant. Kriging gives a response surface or metamodel that can be used for interpolation. Because Ordinary Kriging assumes constant variances, this paper also applies Detrended Kriging to estimate a non-constant signal function, and then standardizes the residual noise through the hete...

This paper describes a combination approach of a digital finite element modeling technique and the Kriging method for structural optimization. Since the digital modeling technique includes some inaccuracies in a modeling process, applicability of the Kriging method to noisy data is investigated. An estimated surface generated by the conventional Kriging method will be wavy and not appropriate t...

“Kriging” is the name of a parametric regression method used by hydrologists and mining engineers, among others. Features of the kriging approach are that it also provides an error estimate and that it can conveniently be employed also to estimate the integral of the regression function. In the present work, the kriging method is described and some of its statistical characteristics are explore...

Sodium is an integral part of water, and its excessive amount in drinking water causes high blood pressure and hypertension. In the present paper, spatial distribution of sodium concentration in drinking water is modeled and optimized sampling designs for selecting sampling locations is calculated for three divisions in Punjab, Pakistan. Universal kriging and Bayesian universal kriging are used...