The objective of this paper is to test whether or not software agents can match the observed behavior of human subjects in laboratory tests of markets. For this purpose, one set of tests uses four software agents and two human subjects to represent six suppliers in three different market situations: no forward contracts, fixed price forward contracts, and renewable forward contracts. An identic...

This paper describes the study of design and construction of solar power cells (Solar Power). In this study will discuss the calculation of power capacity that can be generated by power plants and solar cells combined with the source the National Electricity Company (PLN) and Power solar. based on data from the Bureau of Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics (BMKG) in Medan, sunlight (solar i...

The growth of population, rising fossil fuel prices (limited and decreasing day by day), pollution problem due to use of fossil fuels and increasing electrical demand are important factors that encourage the use of green and renewable energy technologies. Among the different renewable energy technologies, hydro power generation (large and small scale) is the prime choice in terms of contributio...

abstract i n this paper we investigated total energy consumption and its individual forms (oil, natural gas, electricity, renewable energies and coal) relationship with real gross domestic product (gdp) in iran. we employed hsiao’s (1981) methodology and annual data which cover 1967-2010 for investigation. the empirical findings indicate there is bidirectional causality effect with real gdp and...

Engineering As of 2008 1.46 billion people, or 22 percent of the World's population, were without electricity. Many of these people live in remote areas where decentralized generation is the only method of electrification. Most mini-grids are powered by diesel generators, but new hybrid power systems are becoming a reliable method to incorporate renewable energy while also reducing total system...

Energy is an important fact for a country for both its socio-economic development and economic growth. Main energy source on earth is the fossil fuels. However, the usage of fossil fuels causes global warming whose negative effects have recently been felt by all over the world. Also, because it is limited on earth, increased energy demand and high energy prices increase concerns on fossil fuels...

Since solar, wind and tidal energies mainly depend upon statistical parameters with respect to changing climate and environment, focus on hybrid generation system design increases the availability of the power generation system. The hybrid system also reduces the dependence on one environment parameter thus providing the consumer with reliable and cheap electricity. Therefore optimal combinatio...

introduction despite the abundant renewable energy sources, the iranian energy sector relies almost entirely on fossil fuel energy resources. power sector is dominant source of co2emissions and responsible for about 35% of total co2 emissions in the country. additionally, long-term electricity demand of iran is expected to grow quickly, which in turn requires extensive investment to meet the gr...

There has been a research focus on physician adoption of electronic medical records (EMRs). However, there has been less research into nurse practitioner (NP) use of EMRs. The authors present findings on the adoption and use of EMRs by NPs arising from a survey of the patterns of NP practices in the Canadian province of British Columbia. The research reveals a high rate of NP adoption of EMRs, ...

(c) (d) Photovoltaic solar cells tap into sunlight—the most abundant renewable energy source on the Earth—for electricity. Our planet receives ~1.2×1017 W of solar power, while the rate of current worldwide energy consumption is ~10,000 times smaller at ~1.3×1013 W.1 This means that the Earth receives more solar energy in an hour than the total energy it consumes in an entire year. Solar energy...