The largest consistent sex difference in human cognition is found on mental rotation tests, which require participants to compare pictures of three-dimensional objects and decide whether they depict the same object or different objects. Across cultures, males score up to one standard deviation higher than females. We administered two standard rotation tests to 123 participants and found that th...

the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different combinations of mental and physical practices on the acquisition and retention of a motor skill in mentally retarded male students. subjects were 40 guidance students who were healthy and novice in basketball penalty shot. they were selected randomly and were assigned to 5 homogeneous groups (4 as experimental and 1 as control) b...

We investigated the role of body position on performance in four distinct types of mental imagery processing. Previous studies used the upright body position as standard procedure and therefore do not address the issue of whether mental imagery tasks are processed in accordance with ego-centered or gravitational coordinates. In the present study, the subjects were brought into one of three diff...

This study examined the relationship between the similarity and accuracy of team mental models and compared the extent to which each predicted team performance. The relationship between team ability composition and team mental models was also investigated. Eighty-three dyadic teams worked on a complex skill task in a 2-week training protocol. Results indicated that although similarity and accur...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this article is to explore the associations of psychosocial factors at work, life style, and stressful life events on health and work ability among white-collar workers. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among workers in commercial services (n = 1141). The main outcome variables were work ability, measured by the work ability index (WAI), and mental and ...

Mental illnesses such as depression or anxiety affect an individual's ability to undertake health-promoting behaviors. Chronic diseases can have a profound impact on an individual's mental health; in turn, mental health status affects an individual's ability to participate in treatment and recovery. A group of mental health and public health professionals convened to develop a logic model for a...

background & aim: maintaining and improving the work ability are important social goals, which challenge the health care and rehabilitation systems as well as health providers. the physical and mental health status affect the work ability. regarding this, the current study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic training on the work ability of the midwives in the health care centers of mashh...