INTRODUCTION Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States and is disproportionately higher among veterans than nonveterans. We examined the prevalence of nicotine dependence and its associated risk factors among veterans who used health services in the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) system. METHODS Using a case-control design, we compared all VA health se...

Compelling data suggest higher mental functions, executive function, awareness, consciousness, planning, strategic thinking, imagination and processing sensory input are the domain of prefrontal cortex function and in particular Brodman areas 8, 9, 10, 46 [1,2]. Recent studies have also suggested that the mediating influence of prefrontal cortex function is crucial in depression and in antidepr...

INTRODUCTION Several studies have pointed to high rates of substance use disorders among female prisoners. The present study aimed to assess comorbidities of substance use disorders with other mental disorders in female prisoners at admission to a penal justice system. METHODS A sample of 150 female prisoners, consecutively admitted to the penal justice system of Berlin, Germany, was intervie...

BACKGROUND Considering the need for a better understanding of smoking among the student population and its impact on their mental health and their success, this study was conducted in Kerman Medical Sciences University. METHODS This cross-sectional study on 772 students, chosen by random sampling, was conducted in 2007. Subjects were assessed with 28-question questionnaires that included demo...

BACKGROUND Today, substance dependence and illegal trading of narcotics is considered as a global issue. Since mental disorder has been reported in about 90% of the substance dependents, this study aimed at determining the rate of mental health in the substance dependents in Sari Township in 2011. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 500 substance-dependent patients were selected using conven...

Objective. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported severity of cannabis dependence and symptoms of depression. Method. The lifetime diagnoses of depression and cannabis misuse (abuse and/or dependence) were obtained from 50 participants recruited from the general community, using a self-completed diagnostic interview (CIDI-Auto 2.1). The lifetime s...

The nature of reference frames involved in haptic spatial processing was addressed by means of a haptic mental rotation task. Participants assessed the parity of two objects located in various spatial locations by exploring them with different hand orientations. The resulting response times were fitted with a triangle wave function. Phase shifts were found to depend on the relation between the ...

This paper examines current evidence regarding rates, risk factors, correlates and consequences of gender disparities in mental health. Gender is conceptualized as a structural determinant of mental health and mental illness that runs like a fault line, interconnecting with and deepening the disparities associated with other important socioeconomic determinants such as income, employment and so...

BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety are common among people with multiple sclerosis (MS), as are adverse health behaviours, but the associations between these factors are unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and depression and anxiety in MS in a cross-Canada prospective study. METHODS From July 2010 to March 2011 we recruited consecutive MS p...

Introduction: Regular alcohol drinking or dependence is changing the individual’s personal, social, occupational, marital, physical and mental health. Alcohol dependence is a major problem worldwide; India is not an exception. Family members’ negative responses to the alcoholic’s behaviour usually reinforce the individual’s alienation and dependency resulting from alcoholism. There are a number...