Terrestrial latent heat flux (LE) is a key component of the global terrestrial water, energy, and carbon exchanges. Accurate estimation of LE from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data remains a major challenge. In this study, we estimated the daily LE for different plant functional types (PFTs) across North America using three machine learning algorithms: artificial neural...

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are often established to mitigate the effects of overfishing and other human disturbances. In Fiji these are locally managed and, where enforced, have significantly higher coral cover, higher fish biomass, and lower seaweed cover than in the adjacent, unprotected reefs (non-MPAs). We investigated how the isotopic signatures of a common, mid-level consumer, Epinephe...

Aerosol optical thickness (AOT) has decreased substantially in Europe the summer half year (April–September) since 1980, with almost a 50% reduction Central and Eastern Europe, according to Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis. At same time, strong positive trends ERA5 reanalysis surface solar radiation downward all-sky clear-sky conditions...

This study evaluated the performance of clear sky surface solar radiation (SSR) and its long-term evolution mechanism in second Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research Applications (MERRA-2) East Asia. The results revealed that although MERRA-2 overestimated clearness index SSR, reanalysis performed well northwestern, northern, northeastern, central From 1980 to 2019, SSRs decreased sign...

Aerosols play an important role in the Earth–atmosphere system. Their impacts on weather and climate are highly dependent spatiotemporal distributions as well physical-optical properties. Physical-optical properties of aerosols over Asian continent have been widely investigated, but there relatively few observations maritime locations, especially South China Sea (SCS). Here, with combination si...

The study and forecast of climatic phenomena have progressed over time, but the huge knowledge with information gathered has aided in comprehending anticipating weather changes. goal this research was to look at some specific meteorological characteristics air temperature a number stations Osun State, Nigeria. Monthly rainfall, relative humidity, temperature, pressure, wind speed direction for ...

Abstract Aerosol effects on micro/macrophysical properties of marine stratocumulus clouds over the western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO) are investigated using in situ measurements and large-eddy simulations (LES) for two cold-air outbreak (CAO) cases (28 February 1 March 2020) during Cloud Meteorology Interactions Western Experiment (ACTIVATE). The LES is able to reproduce vertical profiles liqu...

Abstract This study analyzes the prediction of Indian monsoon low pressure systems (LPSs) on an extended time scale 15 days by models Subseasonal-to-Seasonal (S2S) project. Using a feature-tracking algorithm, LPSs are identified in 11 S2S during common reforecast period June–September 1999–2010, and then compared with 290 281 tracked ERA-Interim MERRA-2 reanalysis datasets. The results show tha...

Abstract. We have performed an analysis of reprocessed GPS/MET data spanning 1995–1997 generated by the COSMIC Data Analysis and Archive Center (CDAAC) in 2007. CDAAC developed modified dual-frequency processing methods for encrypted (anti-spoofing (AS)-on) during 1995–1997. compared set to Modern-Era Retrospective Research Applications-2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis, separately AS-on AS-off, focusing ...