introduction: diabetes mellitus is associated with nervous system alterations in both human and animal models. this study was done to determine the effect of gestational diabetes on the purkinje and granular cells in the cerebellum of rat offspring.  methods: 10 wistar rats dams were randomly allocated in control and diabetic group. the experimental group received 40 mg/kg/body weight of strept...

Like the biological clock in the body, replication of each cell type (even different cells of the same organism) follows a timing program. Abnormal function of this timer could be an alarm for a disease like cancer. DNA replication starts from a specific point on the chromosome that is called the origin of replication. In contrast to prokaryotes in which DNA replication starts from a single ...

primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a t-cell malignancy with atypical cd30 positive lymphocytes. pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia is an uncommon finding in primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and may mimic squamous cell carcinoma as pseudomalignancy. careful attention of a pathologist to correct diagnosis of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and its underlying cau...

systemic amyloidosis and testicular interstitial tumor are rare conditions in birds and this is the first report in iran. a male zebra finch was presented because of white diarrhea, anorexia, loss of weight and lethargy. at necropsy, the small intestine was edematous and congested. the spleen appeared pale. the liver was large, firm and brown. one testis was cystic and neoplastic and the remain...

background and objective: cutaneous cytology is the study of scraping or smears obtained from skin lesions. although not commonly employed, cutaneous cytology has been a useful tool for clinicians due to simplified procedures and high sensitivity and specificity of presurgical clinical diagnosis of common types of skin tumors. this investigation was conducted to study usefulness of cutaneous cy...

conclusions our results suggested that cb-nk cells progenitors could proliferate and differentiate on feeder layer of amnion membrane mscs in combination with specific cytokines to produce nk cells for immunotherapy. results combination of cytokines and msc layer yielded significant fold expansion in comparison with cytokines without feeder conditions (day 7: 5.2 ± 1.12 and 2 ± 0.78, respective...

evidence acquisition the fifty two significant articles discussing the stem cell in chronic myeloid leukemia from 1996 to 2012 were selected according to the authors’ experience. results studies have shown that primitive cml cells are less responsive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (tkis) and are a reservoir for the relapse of multi drug resistant (mdr). conclusions following that, minimal residu...

cell therapy is known as one of the most promising curative interventions in the spinal cord injury (sci). selection of an appropriate route to transplant the stem cells is very important. principally, four different injection routes have been used in animal experiments. 1. intramedullary route: this route is known as a classic method for transplantation of stem cells. in this method, the stem ...

background: zinc has significant effects on structural and functional activities of many proteins and enzymes involved in biological activities, especially the regulation of immune-system. symptoms of zinc toxicity include nausea/vomiting, fever, cough, diarrhea, fatigue, neuropathy, and dehydration. further signs include growth retardation, altered iron function, anemia, copper deficiency, dec...

objective(s): development of molecules that specifically recognize cancer cells is one of the major areas in cancer research. human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2) is specifically expressed on the surface of breast cancer cells. her2 is associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. in this study we aimed to isolate rna aptamers that specifically bind to her2 overexpressi...