Processing bodies (P-bodies) are cytoplasmic RNA granules that contain translationally repressed messenger ribonucleoproteins (mRNPs) and messenger RNA (mRNA) decay factors. The physical interactions that form the individual mRNPs within P-bodies and how those mRNPs assemble into larger P-bodies are unresolved. We identify direct protein interactions that could contribute to the formation of an...

While for 25 years it had been clear the DNA contained the basic genetic information, by 1960 it was still not at all clear how that information was expressed. How did a difference in the sequence of nucleotide bases translate into the differences between an elephant and a flea? The boundaries of the problem had been roughed out even before the era of Watson-Crick DNA. It was shown that all of ...

The polyadenylic acid-containing messenger RNA fraction of HeLa cells was measured by its affinity for oligodeoxythymidylate cellulose. Both the kinetics of initial labeling and the decay after a brief pulse of incorporation were examined. The kinetics of decay are complex, but can be approximated by assuming two populations ; a short-lived species with a half-life of seven hours and a longlive...

RNA vaccines traditionally consist of messenger RNA synthesized by in vitro transcription using a bacteriophage RNA polymerase and template DNA that encodes the antigen(s) of interest. Once administered and internalized by host cells, the mRNA transcripts are translated directly in the cytoplasm and then the resulting antigens are presented to antigen presenting cells to stimulate an immune res...

Varying length of messenger RNA (mRNA) 3'-untranslated region is generated by alternating the usage of polyadenylation sites during pre-mRNA processing. It is prevalent through all eukaryotes and has emerged as a key mechanism for controlling gene expression. Alternative polyadenylation (APA) plays an important role for cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. In this review, we discuss...

background: this study detected osteopontin (opn) and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (mmp-7) expressions to explore the roles of opn and mmp-7 in the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer (nsclc). materials and methods: a retrospective study was conducted on nsclc tissues ( n = 152; case group) and adjacent nonneoplastic lung parenchyma (adjacent to tumor >5 cm; n = 15...

The metabolic stability of pulse-labeled or long-term labeled messenger RNA (mRNA) from cytoplasmic free polysomes was measured in HeLa cells, with chase conditions that do not involve inhibitors of RNA synthesis, and chromatography on benzoylated-DEAE-cellulose or poly(T)-cellulose for isolation of mRNA. For these studies, a new chase technique was developed that allows analysis of the stabili...

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have emerged as a flexible platform for vaccine development. The evolution of lipid nanoparticles effective delivery vehicles modified mRNA encoding antigens was demonstrated by the response to COVID-19 pandemic. ability rapidly develop SARS-CoV-2 from spike protein genome, and then manufacture multibillions doses per year an extraordinary achievement milestone. Fu...