The acquisition of the variant surface glycoprotein (variable antigen) coat by metacyclic stage Trypanosoma brucei in the salivary glands of the tsetse fly, Glossina morsitans, has been studied in situ by transmission and scanning electron microscopy using monoclonal antibodies raised against metacyclic variable antigen types and complexed with horseradish peroxidase or colloidal gold. The coat...

Späth, G. F. and Beverley, S. M. 2001. A lipophosphoglycan-independent method for isolation of infective Leishmania metacyclic promastigotes by density gradient centrifugation. Experimental Parasitology 99, 97–103. At the end of their growth in the sand fly, Leishmania parasites differentiate into the infective metacyclic promastigote stage, which is transmitted to the mammalian host. Thus, in ...

by a quasi-permutation matrix we mean a square matrix over the complex field c with non-negative integral trace. thus, every permutation matrix over c is a quasipermutation matrix. for a given finite group g, let p(g) denote the minimal degree of a faithful permutation representation of g (or of a faithful representation of g by permutation matrices), let q(g) denote the minimal degree of a fai...

Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclic trypomastigotes invade and replicate in the gastric mucosal epithelium after oral infection. In this study we analyzed the process of infection by T. cruzi isolates deficient in the expression of gp82, the metacyclic stage-specific surface glycoprotein implicated in target cell entry in vitro and in promoting mucosal infection in mice after oral challenge. Mice infe...

We compute the stable reduction of some Galois covers of the projective line branched at three points. These covers are constructed using Hurwitz spaces parameterizing metacyclic covers. The reduction is determined by a certain hypergeometric differential equation. This generalizes the result of Deligne and Rapoport on the reduction of the modular curve X (p).

let $g$ be a finite $p$-soluble group‎, ‎and $p$ a sylow $p$-subgroup of $g$‎. ‎it is proved‎ ‎that if all elements of $p$ of order $p$ (or of order ${}leq 4$ for $p=2$) are‎ ‎contained in the $k$-th term of the upper central series of $p$‎, ‎then the $p$-length of‎ ‎$g$ is at most $2m+1$‎, ‎where $m$ is the greatest integer such that‎ ‎$p^m-p^{m-1}leq k$‎, ‎and the exponent of the image of $p$...

let $g$ be a finite $p$-soluble group‎, ‎and $p$ a sylow $p$-sub-group of $g$‎. ‎it is proved‎ ‎that if all elements of $p$ of order $p$ (or of order ${}leq 4$ for $p=2$) are‎ ‎contained in the $k$-th term of the upper central series of $p$‎, ‎then the $p$-length of‎ ‎$g$ is at most $2m+1$‎, ‎where $m$ is the greatest integer such that‎ $p^m-p^{m-1}leq k$‎, ‎and the exponent of the image of $p$...

Virulence for BALB/c mice, infectivity for Phlebotomus papatasi, haemagglutination activity and expression of metacyclic lipophosphoglycan (LPG) were studied in four strains of Leishmania major (LV561, FV1, L119 and Neal) and various lines of the LV561 strain. Attenuated line LV561/AV was passaged five times through sandflies or mice and the resulting lines (AVS5 and AVM5, respectively) and two...

In this paper we show that a finite p-group which possesses non-normal subgroups and such that any two non-normal subgroups of the same order are conjugate must be isomorphic to Mpn = 〈a, b | a n−1 = b = 1, n ≥ 3, a = a1+p n−2 〉, where in case p = 2 we must have n ≥ 4. This solves Problem Nr. 1261 stated by Y. Berkovich in [1]. In a similar way we solve Problem Nr. 1582 from [1] by showing that...