Silicon nanowire-based solar cells on metal foil are described. The key benefits of such devices are discussed, followed by optical reflectance, current-voltage, and external quantum efficiency data for a cell design employing a thin amorphous silicon layer deposited on the nanowire array to form the p-n junction. A promising current density of 1.6 mA /cm2 for 1.8 cm2 cells was obtained, and a ...

This paper is concerned with FS-FOIL—an extension of Quinlan’s First-Order Inductive Learning Method (FOIL). In contrast to the classical FOIL algorithm, FS-FOIL uses fuzzy predicates and, thereby, allows to deal not only with categorical variables, but also with numerical ones, without the need to draw sharp boundaries. This method is described in full detail along with discussions how it can ...

In this paper, we present a THz attenuator based on the sub-wavelength metal s tructures. The T Hz attenuator is designed and fabricated on a copper foil. We measured TH z transmission of the at tenuator by means of terahertz time domain spectroscopy. The experimental results s how th at the attenuator ca n h ave a good frequency selectivity which depends on the polarization of THz radiati on. ...

Large KrF amplifiers use electron beams to excite the laser gas. By necessity, the diode and laser cavity must be isolated by a mechanical barrier; an electron beam diode operates in vacuum, while the laser cavity may be filled with amagats of gas. Isolation is typically accomplished by a metal foil of low mass density which is mechanically supported by a structure having multiple open slots se...

2014 We measured the strain and the stress of a perforated metal foil and of a diluted elastic network near the percolation threshold. We used two different techniques : in the first, the strain is increased continuously and monotonically until the system ruptures, whereas in the second, it is the stress which is increased monotonically. We determined the critical exponent of the fracture stres...

A patterned film (electrode) with lozenge-shaped Si tiles could be successfully fabricated by masking with an expanded metal foil during film deposition. Its electrochemical properties and structural stability during the charge-discharge process were examined and compared with those of a continuous (conventional) film electrode. The patterned electrode exhibited a remarkably improved cycleabili...

In this paper, we aim to understand whether current language and vision (LaVi) models truly grasp the interaction between the two modalities. To this end, we propose an extension of the MSCOCO dataset, FOIL-COCO, which associates images with both correct and ‘foil’ captions, that is, descriptions of the image that are highly similar to the original ones, but contain one single mistake (‘foil wo...

In the last decade, catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has been intensively explored for growth of single-layer graphene (SLG). Despite scattering guidelines and procedures, variables such as surface texture/chemistry catalyst metal foils, carbon feedstock, process parameters have well-scrutinized. Still, questions remain on how best to standardize procedure. The possible correlation pro...

Abstract: A new concept for small scale multi-stage distillation (MSD) desalination plants is presented allowing an installation in remote rural areal due to low maintenance, operating and investment costs. It is based on extensive studies on heat and mass transfer using 6 different condensation / heat transfer surfaces or material combinations. Basically all 6 condensation surfaces except glas...