Arctic permafrost soils store large amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC) that could be released into the atmosphere as methane (CH4) in a future warmer climate. How warming affects the complex microbial network decomposing SOC is not understood. We studied CH4 production of Arctic peat soil microbiota in anoxic microcosms over a temperature gradient from 1 to 30 °C, combining metatranscriptomic...

Chemical chaperones are small organic molecules which accumulate in a broad range of organisms in various tissues under different stress conditions and assist in the maintenance of a correct proteostasis under denaturating environments. The effect of chemical chaperones on protein folding and aggregation has been extensively studied and is generally considered to be mediated through non-specifi...

Physiology of Halophilic, Methylotrophic Methanogens. Priya Kadam, Ph. D. Oregon Graduate Institute of Science & Technology, 1996 Supervising Professor: David R. Boone Several methanogens of the family Melharzosarcir2aceae were characterized phenotypically and phylogenetically. Methanolobus bombayensis and Methariolobza ~ui'cai~i were characterized physiologically and taxonomically. The influen...

Brain adaptation to hyposmolarity is accomplished by loss of both electrolytes and organic osmolytes, including amino acids, polyalcohols and methylamines. In brain in vivo, the organic osmolytes account for about 35% of the total solute loss. This review focus on the role of amino acids in cell volume regulation, in conditions of sudden hyposmosis, when cells respond by active regulatory volum...

Methane (CH4) is a valuable fuel, constituting 70-95% of natural gas, and a potent greenhouse gas. Release of CH4 into the atmosphere contributes to climate change. Biological CH4 production or methanogenesis is mostly performed by methanogens, a group of strictly anaerobic archaea. The direct substrates for methanogenesis are H2 plus CO2, acetate, formate, methylamines, methanol, methyl sulfid...

Utilization of naturally-occurring dissolved free and combined amino acids (DFAA and DCAA) and dissolved DNA (D-DNA) was studied in batch cultures of bacteria from 2 shallow marine environments, Santa Rosa Sound (SRS), Florida. USA, and Flax Pond (FP), Long Island, New York, USA. In addition to control experiments, cultures were enriched with various sources of C and N. In the SRS cultures, net...