INTRODUCTION This study investigated the effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in osteoporotic (OP) osteoarthritis (OA) of rat knee. METHODS Fifty-six rats were divided into seven groups including sham, OA, OP, OA + OP, OA + ESWT, OP + ESWT, and OA + OP + ESWT groups. The evaluations included gross pathology, bone mineral density (BMD), micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) ...

Vacuum freeze-dried blood is a good material for vascular grafts. However, studies on this technology are few, particularly on physical performance change of freeze-dried blood vessel at different pre-freezing rate. In our study, pig aortas were non-invasively scanned by micro-CT in each stage of freeze-drying at different pre-freezing rates, then comparing the porosity ratio and grey level und...

In this work, various three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds were produced via micro-stereolithography (µ-SLA) and 3D printing (3DP) techniques. This work demonstrates the advantages and disadvantages of these two different rapid prototyping methods for production of bone scaffolds. Compared to 3DP, SLA provides for smaller feature production with better dimensional resolution and accuracy. The perme...

Biomaterials' structural characteristics and the addition of osteoinductors influence the osteointegration capacity of bone substitutes. This study aims to identify the characteristics of porous and resorbable bone substitutes that influence new bone formation. An Internet search for studies reporting new bone formation rates in bone defects filled with porous and resorbable substitutes was per...

In this study, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown directly in the pores of micro porous pyrex membranes and consequently ceramic membranes with very fine pores and high porosity were achieved. Our experiment was done in two stages. Initially cobalt powder with different percent was homogeneously mixed with pyrex powder. In order to produce row membranes, each of these mixtures were compacted in...

The importance of mannitol has increased recently as an emerging diluent for orodispersible dosage forms. The study aims to prepare spray dried mannitol retaining high porosity and mechanical strength for the development of orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs). Aqueous feed of d-mannitol (10% w/v) comprising ammonium bicarbonate, NH4HCO3 (5% w/v) as pore former was spray dried at inlet temperat...

Nanostructured silica based xerogels and aerogels are prepared by sol-gel technology, using methyltrimethoxysilane as precursor. The influence of the drying method and conditions on the microstructure of the obtained materials is investigated, since the drying stage has a critical influence on their porosity. Two types of drying methods were used: atmospheric pressure drying (evaporative), to p...

Cortical bone contributes the majority of overall bone mass and bears the bulk of axial loads in the peripheral skeleton. Bone metabolic disorders often are manifested by cortical microstructural changes via osteonal remodeling and endocortical trabecularization. The goal of this study was to characterize intracortical porosity in a cross-sectional patient cohort using novel quantitative comput...

Three-dimensional (3D) microprinting is a computerized fabrication technique that can produce porous objects with highly complicated pore micro-architecture using data generated by computer aided design (CAD) or other imaging modalities [1]. This technique has been used for fabrication of porous biodegradable polymeric scaffolds that are intended, by design, to have reproducible and well-define...

WITH TOPOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS BY MESSENGER. Olivier S. Barnouin-Jha1, Maria T. Zuber2, Jürgen Oberst3, Frank Preusker3, David E. Smith4, Gregory A. Neumann4, Sean C. Solomon5, Steven A. Hauck, II6, Roger J. Phillips7, James W. Head, III8, Louise M. Prockter1 and Mark S. Robinson9, 1JHU/APL, Laurel MD 20723; 2Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139; 3DLR, Ru...