We adapted and tested a laboratory quantitative filter pad method and field-based microcosm method for estimating diffuse attenuation coefficients (K(d)) of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) for a wide range of stream optical environments (K(d320) = 3-44 m(-1)). Logistical difficulties of direct measurements of UVR attenuation have inhibited widespread monitoring of this important parameter in stream...

Zero-valent iron nanoparticles are used for the degradation of organic compounds and the immobilization of metals and metalloids. The lack of information on the effect of nZVI in freshwater system necessitated the risk assessment of zero-valent iron nanoparticles in lake water environment. The present study deals with the stability and fate of synthesized zero-valent iron nanoparticles in the u...

In the European registration procedure for pesticides, microcosm and mesocosm studies are the highest aquatic experimental tier to assess their environmental effects. Evaluations of microcosm/mesocosm studies rely heavily on no observed effect concentrations (NOECs) calculated for different population-level endpoints. Ideally, a power analysis should be reported for the concentration-response r...

v This organ deserves to be styled the starting point of life and the sun of our microcosm just as much as the sun deserves to be styled the heart of the world.