Afropithecus turkanensis, a 17-17.5 million year old large-bodied hominoid from Kenya, has previously been reported to be the oldest known thick-enamelled Miocene ape. Most investigations of enamel thickness in Miocene apes have been limited to opportunistic or destructive studies of small samples. Recently, more comprehensive studies of enamel thickness and microstructure in Proconsul, Lufengp...

Hard coatings can extend the life time of a tool substantially and enable higher cutting speeds which increase the productivity in the cutting application. The aim with this thesis is to extend the understanding on how the microstructure and mechanical properties are affected by high temperatures similar to what a cutting tool can reach during operation. Thin films of ZrAlN and TiAlN have been ...

Our goals are to understand how geotechnical and physical properties develop in marine sedimentary deposits on continental margins and how these properties influence sediment transport processes and the development of geomorphology. Our studies include predicting stability of sediment on the continental shelf and slope, providing input parameters for models of sediment transport and deformation...

We describe an approach to studying grain structure formation in polycrystalline thin films during deposition from the vapor phase using a “grain continuum” representation of the solid. We employ three codes in concert to track the development of grains while accounting for ballistic transport and surface reaction kinetics. We show that higher precursor reactivities might well lead to higher vo...

Porous β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) displays osteoinductivity in certain animals in the absence of osteoinductive agents. We evaluated whether the microstructure may be an important determinant of osteoinduction, and also investigated how bone formation was promoted using β-TCP combined with bone marrow aspirates. We prepared two types of β-TCP, namely, β-TCP A, which possessed interconnected m...

To clarify and characterize the fundamental physical mechanisms active in the dynamical formation of three-dimensional (3D) arrays of cells and dendrites under diffusive growth conditions, in situ monitoring of series of experiments on transparent model alloy succinonitrile – 0.24 wt% camphor was carried out under low gravity in the DECLIC Directional Solidification Insert on-board the Internat...

In this study the effect of crystallite size reduction and microstructure on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of nanocrystalline nickel (NC Ni) were investigated using Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements in 10 wt.% NaOH. NC Ni coatings were produced by direct current electrodeposition using chloride baths in presence and absence of saccharin as...

In the present work, the solidification process was simulated in both macroscopic and microscopic scales. Two-dimensional heat transfer equation for conduction was applied for macroscopic modeling using enthalpy formulation and finite element method. In order to decrease execution time and/or memory capacity in finite analysis, skyline mathematical technique was adapted. The microenthalpy metho...