On examination she had densely fused labia minora extending anteriorly from posterior fourchette and partially occluding the introitus (Figure 1). The following new surgical technique was used to treat her. She was prescribed oestrogen cream for local application. During the follow up of two years there was no recurrence. A new method of surgical treatment for recurrent labial adhesions in a pr...

Increasing numbers of girls and young women are seeking medical attention due to concerns about the appearance of their external genitalia. One particular area of concern is hypertrophic labia minora, which remains a poorly defined clinical diagnosis. Once it was considered a variant of normal anatomy, but in recent times, increasing numbers of health care providers are being consulted for labi...

The central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (IC) is a major integrative center in the central auditory system. It receives information from both the ascending and descending auditory pathways. To determine how single IC neurons integrate information over a wide range of sound frequencies and sound levels, we examined their intracellular responses to frequency-modulated (FM) sounds in awake l...

A minus end checkpoint B oth ends of microtubules get in on spindle checkpoint signaling. From kinetochores, proteins at microtubule plus ends relay the results of proper spindle-tochromosome attachments. Now, Hannah Müller, Bodo Lange (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany), and colleagues fi nd that, at minus ends, γ-tubulin signals that all is well with microtubule nuc...

where d is a positive integer, 0≤ i< d and r0,r1, . . .rd−1 are rational numbers, such that the famous 3x+1 conjecture holds if and only if the R-orbit of 2n contains 2 for all positive integers n. We then show that the R-orbit of an arbitrary positive integer is a constant multiple of an orbit that contains a power of 2. Finally we apply our main result to show that any cycle {x0, . . . ,xm−1}...