Adriamycin (ADR) is a potent anticancer drug known to cause severe cardiac toxicity. Although ADR generates free radicals, the role of free radicals in the development of cardiac toxicity and the intracellular target for ADR-induced cardiac toxicity are still not well understood. We produced three transgenic mice lines expressing increased levels of human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD),...

Stannin (Snn) is a highly conserved, 88-amino acid protein that may mediate the selective toxicity of organotins. Snn is localized in tissues with known sensitivity to trimethyltin (TMT), including the central nervous system, immune system, spleen, kidney and lung. Cells in culture that do not express Snn show considerable resistance to TMT toxicity. In vitro, Snn peptide can bind TMT in a 1:1 ...

Excitotoxicity is likely to occur in pathological scenarios which mitochondrial function already compromised, shaping neuronal responses glutamate. In fact, mitochondria sustain cell bioenergetics, tune intracellular Ca2+ dynamics, and regulate glutamate availability by using it as metabolic substrate. Here, we suggest the need explore toxicity context of specific disease models may ...

Salinity is an issue impairing crop production across the globe. Under salinity stress, besides osmotic stress and Na+ toxicity, ROS (reactive oxygen species) overaccumulation a secondary which further impairs plant performance. Chloroplasts, mitochondria, apoplast, peroxisomes are main generation sites in salt-stressed plants. In this review, we summarize generation, enzymatic non-enzymatic an...

Mitochondria are best known as the essential intracellular organelles that host the homeostasis required for cellular survival, but they also have relevance in diverse disease-related conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Amyloid β (Aβ) peptide is the key molecule in AD pathogenesis, and has been highlighted in the implication of mitochondrial abnormality during the disease progress. ...

BACKGROUND We sought to define the clinical and ultrastructure effects of ixabepilone (Ix), a microtubule-stabilizing chemotherapy agent on cutaneous sensory nerves and to investigate a potential mitochondrial toxicity mechanism. METHODS Ten breast cancer patients receiving Ix underwent total neuropathy score clinical (TNSc) assessment, distal leg skin biopsies at cycle (Cy) 3 (80-90 mg/m(2))...

Rat liver mitochondria are much more susceptible to protein oxidation induced by paraquat than plant mitochondria. The unsaturated index and the peroxidizability index are higher in rat than in potato tuber. The levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase are concurrent with the different sensitivities to paraquat, with higher activities in plant mitochondria. However, glutathione ...

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate whether fractions of jellyfish Cassiope andromeda venom, could selectively induce toxicity on mitochondria isolated from cancer tissue of patients with breast adenocarcinomas. Methods: Firstly, we extracted two fractions, (f1 and f2) from crude jellyfish venom by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200.Then different dilutions of these extracted fract...