objective: removal of enamel superficial layer during microabrasion treatments may adversely affect sealing ability of the restorative materials. the aim of this study was to measure the effect of different periods of enamel microabrasion on the microleakage of class v glass-ionomer restorations. methods: this in vitro experimental study was conducted on 96 class v cavities which had been prepa...

PURPOSE Bioactive glass bonds to bone through a calcium phosphate layer that mimics the structure of the mineral phase of bone. Formation of this layer is inhibited in the presence of serum protein. The authors hypothesize that creation of a calcium phosphate layer on the surface of bioactive glass before implantation will enhance bone regeneration and graft material resorption in bone defects....

The solar module output power is the generated by all individual cells in their specific electrical circuit configuration, multiplied cell-to-module ratio. ratio thus reflects sum of losses and gains produced structure module. biggest process change design during last few years was introduction half cells. Another important trend use bifacial to build modules. These two trends increase parts th...

Cell-based microarrays are emerging as a tool for analyzing the functions of genes in cells. However, partly due to the difficulty of cell immobilization, the application of this method has been limited to adherent cells. We previously reported a method that rapidly and strongly attached living nonadherent cells to glass slides modified with a cell membrane anchoring reagent, designated a bioco...

Fluoride release from six light-activated restorative materials, including two resinmodified glass-ionomers, two composites, and two compomers, was evaluated and compared with one conventional acid-based glass-ionomer cement. The amount and rate of release varied among the tested materials. Both resin-modified glass-ionomers and the conventional acid-base glass-ionomer cements released more flu...