the first step in breeding programs is detecting the genetic diversity in breeding materials. molecular markers help to reduce costs and time in breeding programs. genetic variation in 49 genotypes of tobacco were studied using 12 issr markers, 3 retrotransposon markers and the combination of issr and retrotransposons. one hundred forty seven polymorphic bands were produced using 16 primers. to...

We analyzed the shapes of Galactic open clusters by the star counting technique with the 2MASS star catalog database. Morphological parameters such as the ellipticity and size have been derived via stellar density distribution, weighed by clustering probability. We find that most star clusters are elongated, even for the youngest star clusters of a few million years old, which are located near ...

The surface of the mammalian olfactory bulb (OB) is covered by numerous glomeruli. Since individual glomeruli represent a single odorant receptor (OR) among a repertoire of nearly 1000 ORs, the spatial assembly of the glomeruli forms the maps of ORs. How are the numerous ORs represented spatially in the glomerular maps? Studies of mapping of odorant-induced glomerular activity using the optical...

drought is one of the most important factors limiting crop yields around the world. drought stress in plants, the change (increase or decrease) in the production of plant proteins. this research was carried out using bread wheat genotypes. for evaluation of leaf protein pattern in wheat, 10 genotypes were assayed with 3 replications under irrigated (non-stress) and rain-fed (stress) conditions....

Abstract The present contribution explores the symmetries of deformed harmonic oscillator for both prolate and oblate deformations. It demonstrates emergence clustering from degeneracies appearance cluster structures in associated densities. universality molecular is presented, demonstrating that molecular-like exchange protons neutrons encoded into mean-field. nature oblate-like also explored.

objective(s): iran is considered as one of the high-prevalence areas for β-thalassemia with a rate of about 10% carrier frequency. molecular diagnosis of the disease is performed both by direct sequencing and indirectly by the use of polymorphic markers present in the beta globin gene cluster. however, to date there is no reliable information on the application of the markers in the iranian pop...

The core-set approach is a discretization method for Markov state models of complex molecular dynamics. Core sets are disjoint metastable regions in the conformational space, which need to be known prior to the construction of the core-set model. We propose to use density-based cluster algorithms to identify the cores. We compare three different density-based cluster algorithms: the CNN, the DB...

Cosmic rays produce molecular cluster ions as they pass through the lower atmosphere. Neutral molecular clusters such as dimers and complexes are expected to make a small contribution to the radiative balance, but atmospheric absorption by charged clusters has not hitherto been observed. In an atmospheric experiment, a narrowband thermopile filter radiometer centred on 9.15 μm, an absorption ba...