objectives: malaria is the most important tropical disease in terms of morbidity and mortality. the diagnosis of malaria can be conveniently subdivided into clinical, parasitological, biochemical, serological and molecular biological detection. the objective of the present work was to compare two techniques, blood smear and pcr-rflp, for detection of plasmodium species. materials & method...

abrin known as ribosome inactivating protein’s (rip) it is a high cytotoxic plant protein. high lethality and low cost and easy access to plant and seeds lead to this toxin used in crimes and terrorist acts. because obtaining purified toxins requires advanced laboratory equipment and complex procedures, so, it appears that the perpetrators of such crimes use crude extracts. as a result, remaini...

Background: Detection of fetal sex is valuable for parents. The aim of this study was detection of fetal sex in suspect cases recessive related to sex disease in first trimester of pregnancy. Material and method: After collecting C.V samples and separating from mother’s samples, their DNAs have been extracted, then doing PCR, finally the sex of them detected. Also, after increase in sensitivit...

Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capricolum (Mcc) is one of the causative agents of contagious agalactia (CA), which is an important disease in sheep and goats in the Mediterranean and Middle East countries. Mycoplasma agalactiae is the classic agent of CA in sheep and goats. Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies Capri (Mmc), Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capricolum (Mcc), and Mycoplasma putrefacie...