A new hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) derivative formed by the fusion of three HAT units has been prepared and its electronic and molecular structures have been fully characterized by optical and vibrational Raman spectroscopy, electrochemistry, solid-state UV and inverse photoemission spectroscopy (UPS and IPES), and by quantum-chemical calculations. A comparative HAT versus tri-HAT study was perfor...

Aqueous-soluble monolayer-protected palladium nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrogen reduction of Pd(II) in a water solution. The particles were then further functionalized by incorporating multiple copies of mercapto derivatives of viologen into the particle protecting monolayers. The electrochemistry of the viologen moieties with the particles dissolved in solution or immobilized onto ele...

We demonstrate that carbon electrodes screen-printed directly on cellulose paper can be employed to perform bipolar electrochemistry. In addition, an array of 18 screen-printed bipolar electrodes (BPEs) can be simultaneously controlled using a single pair of driving electrodes. The electrochemical state of the BPEs is read-out using electrogenerated chemiluminescence. These results are importan...

A bipolar electrode (BPE) is an electrically conductive material that promotes electrochemical reactions at its extremities (poles) even in the absence of a direct ohmic contact. More specifically, when sufficient voltage is applied to an electrolyte solution in which a BPE is immersed, the potential difference between the BPE and the solution drives oxidation and reduction reactions. Because n...

We introduce electrochemistry of redox proteins and enzymes in the context of functional studies. We explain the fundamental concepts of electrochemistry only as far as they are important for understanding at a qualitative level the results that are presented. We have selected the latter to illustrate the variety of mechanistic information that can be gained from electrochemical investigations....

MARTIN Z. BAZANT AND OLGA I. VINOGRADOVA Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia CNRS UMR Gulliver 7083 and PMMH 7636, École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles, 10 rue Vauquelin, F-75005 Par...

1 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Nanotechnology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany 2 On leave from the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 04353 Košice, Slovakia 3 Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Callinstr. 3a, 30167 Hannover, Germany 4 Braunschweig University of Technology, Institute of Physical an...

We report a new technique for fabricating electrodes for electrochemical applications with lateral dimensions in the range 15-200 nm and a reproducible, well-defined geometry. This technique allows determining the electrode size by electron microscopy prior to electrochemical measurements and without contamination of the metal electrode. We measured the diffusion-limited current with stepped-cu...

In order to simulate electrochemical reactions in the framework of quantum chemical methods, density functional theory, methods can be devised that explicitly include the electrochemical potential. In this work we discuss a Grand Canonical approach in the framework of density functional theory in which fractional numbers of electrons are used to represent an open system in contact with an elect...

This review addresses recent developments in electrochemistry and electroanalytical chemistry of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). CNTs have been proved to possess unique electronic, chemical and structural features that make them very attractive for electrochemical studies and electrochemical applications. For example, the structural and electronic properties of the CNTs endow them with distinct electr...