We present an experimental and theoretical study of piles consisting of monodisperse spherical grains mixed with a weight fraction nu(d) of dimer grains made by the rigid bonding of two such spherical grains. The maximum static angle of stability tantheta(c) of the pile increases from 0.45 to 1.1 and the grain packing fraction Phi decreases from 0.58 to 0.52 as nu(d) is increased from 0 to 1. T...

Rate constants for the unimolecular decomposition of peptide monomer and dimer ions by thermal and surface-induced dissociation (SID) are measured and compared. Rate constants for thermal dissociation are measured in a heated wide-bore capillary flow reactor attached in front of the capillary leading into the mass spectrometer. Thermal decomposition of the leucine enkephalin ion (YGGFL)H+ is ob...

Nonfibrillar soluble oligomers, which are intermediates in the transition from monomers to amyloid fibrils, may be the toxic species in Alzheimer's disease. To monitor the early events that direct assembly of amyloidogenic peptides we probe the dynamics of formation of (Abeta(16-22))(n) by adding a monomer to a preformed (Abeta(16-22))(n-1) (n = 4-6) oligomer in which the peptides are arranged ...

AA and its esters are unlikely to persist in the environment. Acrylates have medium to high mobility for adsorption and desorption to soils. They are not expected to bind to soil or sediment. If released to air, they will undergo photo-degradation within days. AA and all of the esters are readily biodegradable except t-BA, which is inherently biodegradable. In contact with water, abiotic hydrol...