The present study aimed to define the art of Khānqāh from the seventh century to the present time and describe the special art of Khānqāh architecture which has been influenced by pure mystical and Sufi thoughts. The data were collected from Khānqāh monuments (Sufi Gathering Places) and tombs, historical Khānqāh Mustahsanats (Practices in Khānqāh), and classification of their symbolism from the...

The hierarchy in architecture is an attempt to express the concept of transition and the gradual aspect of the process of perception. This principle is well-known as one of the fundamental principles in traditional art and is consistent with the hierarchy of being above its material level. This principle proposes, in the order of reaching a space, the fundamental pattern of connection, transfer...

Mosque is one of the most important Muslims' buildings and one of the best expressions of Islamic community (Ummah). In spite of considerable architectural history of the mosque in Islam and Iran, it seems that there are significant questions about the ideal mosque in Islam. For example "open space" (or courtyard), regarding its undeniable importance according to Islamic tradition (Sirrah & Sun...

Islamic architecture has a fundamental dignity and tries to preserve the spiritual and immortal elements. The most sensible characteristic of this type of art is the compatibility with the nature of Islam; monotheism, which the mosque architecture provides the best bed for such purpose. The main model for constructing mosques, from both outward and internal spiritual truths point of view, is th...