One of the most widely used constraint during the process of translating a practical problem into an equivalent SAT instance is the at-most-one (AMO) constraint. Besides a brief survey of well-known AMO encodings, we will point out the relationship among several AMO encodings the relaxed ladder, sequential, regular and ladder encodings. Therefore, it could help SAT community, especially researc...

This paper reports the greater bias found in the output sequence of VMPC, a modified RC4 stream cipher proposed in 2004. Using the bias with approximately 2 output bytes allows us to distinguish VMPC from truly random sequence. Distinguishing attack can also break RC4A, an algorihm based on RC4, more efficiently than any existing attacks. With about 2 output bytes, distinguishing attack makes i...

Computational molecular biology has emerged as one of the most exciting interdisciplinary fields. It has currently benefited from concepts and theoretical results obtained by different scientific research communities, including genetics, biochemistry, and computer science. In the past few years it has been shown that a large number of molecular biology problems can be formulated as combinatoria...

Machines are only Carnot efficient if they are reversible, but then their power output is vanishingly small. Here we ask, what is the maximum efficiency of an irreversible device with finite power output? We use a nonlinear scattering theory to answer this question for thermoelectric quantum systems, heat engines or refrigerators consisting of nanostructures or molecules that exhibit a Peltier ...

We present three attacks on the Prime Power RSA with modulus N = pq. In the first attack, we consider a public exponent e satisfying an equation ex − φ(N)y = z where φ(N) = pr−1(p − 1)(q − 1). We show that one can factor N if the parameters |x| and |z| satisfy |xz| < N r(r−1) (r+1)2 thereby extending the recent results of Sakar [16]. In the second attack, we consider two public exponents e1 and...

The selection of best Information System (IS) project from many competing proposals is a critical business activity which is very helpful to all organizations. While previous IS project selection methods are useful but have restricted application because they handle only cases with precise data. Indeed, these methods are based on precise data with less emphasis on imprecise data. This paper pro...

the selection of best information system (is) project from many competing proposals is a critical business activity which is very helpful to all organizations. while previous is project selection methods are useful but have restricted application because they handle only cases with precise data. indeed, these methods are based on precise data with less emphasis on imprecise data. this paper pro...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of inequalities in income within a state on self rated health status while controlling for individual characteristics such as socioeconomic status. DESIGN Cross sectional multilevel study. Data were collected on income distribution in each of the 50 states in the United States. The Gini coefficient was used to measure statewide inequalities in income. Random ...