Regionally averaged relativistic cosmologies have recently been considered as a possible explanation for the apparent late time acceleration of the Universe. This contribution reports on a mean field description of the backreaction in terms of a minimally coupled regionally homogeneous scalar field evolving in a potential, then giving a physical origin to the various phenomenological scalar fie...

MOLREP is an automated program for molecular replacement which utilizes effective new approaches in data processing and rotational and translational searching. These include an automatic choice of all parameters, scaling by Patterson origin peaks and sott resolution cutoff. One of the cornerstones of the program is an original full-symmetry translation function combined with a packing function....

An important tool in information analysis is dimensionality reduction. There are various approaches for large data simplification by scaling its dimensions down that play a significant role in recognition and classification tasks. The efficiency of dimension reduction tools is measured in terms of memory and computational complexity, which are usually a function of the number of the given data ...

Multidimensional scaling (MDS) is a data analysis technique for representing measurements of (dis)similarity among pairs of objects as distances between points in a low-dimensional space. MDS methods differ mainly according to the distance model used to scale the proximities. The most usual model is the Euclidean one, although a spherical model is often preferred to represent correlation measur...

Although the assignment was to write a note about the famous, highly cited Kruskal 1964 papers, it would hardly be fair if the topic wasn’t described in the context of two other papers, being Shepard’s 1962 papers (with 2309 citations in Google Scholar as of 4/1/2016) that started the development of what is called nonmetric multidimensional scaling. Before getting into more detail, some of the ...

In a visualization task, every nonlinear projection method needs to make a compromise between trustworthiness and continuity. In a trustworthy projection the visualized proximities hold in the original data as well, whereas a continuous projection visualizes all proximities of the original data. We show experimentally that one of the multidimensional scaling methods, curvilinear components anal...

INTRODUCTION..................................................................................... 25 DETERMINISTIC MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING APPROACHES ... . . .. ... ....... . 27 Universal Laws of Generalization and Similarity ................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ . 27 Identification, Categorization, and Recognition ............................................ 30 Same-Differe...

The electronic properties of type II quasicrystals (QCs) in one dimension, namely ternary QCs which are generated by the cut-and-projection method, are analyzed. In particular, we present in detail the existence of a special kind of critical states called marginal critical states in these QCs. By the use of the exact real-space renormalization-group method, it is shown that the scaling properti...

Sufficient conditions are presented for a system with input delays having finite L2-gain. The bounded real lemma conditions are infeasible when the actual and the delayed values of the input act on the system simultaneously. Considering the actual and delayed inputs as two independent inputs is shown to lead to very high upper-bound of the true L2-gain. Several approaches are presented involvin...