Efficient retrieval of multimedia data has gained importance in recent years. There are many techniques for efficient retrieval of textual data; however, not all of them are applicable to multimedia data. The problem of efficiency in the retrieval of multimedia data could be over come by getting the semantics of multimedia data. In this regard, the researchers have adapted the approaches from t...

93 Multimedia technologies (such as Flash and QuickTime) have been widely used in online product presentation and promotion to portray products in a dynamic way. The continuous visual stimuli and associated sound effects provide vivid and interesting product presentations; hence, they engage online customers in examining products. Meanwhile, recent research has indicated that online shoppers wa...

Since 2001 when the original MPEG-7 standard was published, there have been a number of approaches to representing MPEG-7 as an ontology to enhance the semantic interoperability and richness of multimedia metadata. Subsequently range of tools/services, based on the MPEG-7 ontology, have been developed to generate both MPEG-7 and higher level semantic descriptions. In particular, a number of sys...

Searching for relevant content in a massive amount of multimedia information is facilitated by accurately annotating each image, video, or song with a large number of relevant semantic keywords, or tags. We introduce game-powered machine learning, an integrated approach to annotating multimedia content that combines the effectiveness of human computation, through online games, with the scalabil...

The present study investigates the effects of multimedia annotation through the discourse scheme and summary writing through the grounding theory (Chang, 1997) on text comprehension. Specifically, the study focuses on examining the influences of multimedia annotation from a special perspective, namely, the use of modified discourse scheme to trigger EFL learners’ active reading process, rather ...

Semantic annotation of media resources has been a focus in research since many years, the closing of the “semantic gap” being seen as key to significant improvements in media retrieval and browsing and enabling new media applications and services. However, current tools and services exhibit varied approaches which do not easily integrate and act as a barrier to wider uptake of semantic annotati...

Concept indexing in multimedia libraries is very useful for users searching and browsing but it is a very challenging research problem as well. Beyond the systems’ implementations issues, semantic indexing is strongly dependent upon the size and quality of the training examples. In this paper, we describe the collaborative annotation system used to annotate the High Level Features (HLF) in the ...

Current approaches to the annotation process focus on annotation schemas, languages for annotation, or are very application driven. In this paper it is proposed that a more flexible architecture for annotation requires a knowledge component to allow for flexible search and navigation of the annotated material. In particular, it is claimed that a general approach must take into account the needs...

This study examined the effectiveness of L1 and L2 glosses on incidental vocabulary learning in a multimedia environment. The investigation included the effects of additional pictorial cues in L1 and L2 glosses, and how these additions affect vocabulary learning. The analyses of a mixed design repeated measures 2 (L1, L2) X 2 (picture, no picture) X 2 (immediate test, delayed test) analysis of ...