Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the immune system: it attacks the myelin around the axons and leaves them exposed. Destruction of myelin weakens the electrical conduction of ions and thus leads to a lack of communication in the nervous system.  Methods: In the present study, we constructed recombinant plasmid and then transformed to E. coli cell. The colonies containing...

BACKGROUND The number of viral pathogens associated with pediatric acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) has grown since the introduction of reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays. Multiple viruses are detected during a single ARI episode in approximately a quarter of all cases. The clinical relevance of these multiple detections is unclear, as is the role o...

UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY Development of genetic markers can be costly and time-consuming, especially when multiple primer pairs are fluorescently labeled. This step was streamlined by combining two techniques in the same PCR reaction: (1) custom-labeling of primers by the investigator and (2) multiplexing multiple primers together in the same reaction. • METHODS AND RESULTS This tec...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to degeneration of the brain and spinal tissue. imbalances of cd4+ t cells including thelper1 (th1)/thelper2 (th2) and thelper17 (th17)/tregulatory (treg), their secreted cytokines and gene expressions, are important aspects of in immunopathogenesis of ms. vitamin a and its metabolites can regulate the immune system and appear...

The TaqMan Array Card architecture, normally used for gene expression studies, was evaluated for its potential to detect multiple bacterial agents by real-time PCR. Ten PCR assays targeting five biological agents (Bacillus anthracis, Burkholderia mallei, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Francisella tularensis, and Yersinia pestis) were incorporated onto Array Cards. A comparison of PCR performance of...

Tapah fish (Wallago leerii) is a with high economic value in Riau Province. Molecular research on W. leerii very important to do. This study aims determine the molecular characteristics of from Province based Cytochrome b gene. The universal primer used for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) process. PCR result partial gene length 373 bp. Multiple alignments were performed nucleotide sequences riv...

Background: Epigenetic modifications, such as methylation can occur in multiple myeloma. SMG1is an important gene involved in cell growth which defect in methylation of its promoter leads to reduction of cell apoptosis and uncontrolled proliferation. In this study, we identified the methylation status of the SMG1 gene promoter in patients with multiple myeloma. Methods: Methylation status of S...

The basis for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 cases in handling COVID-19 pandemic is Reverse Transcriptasi Polymerase (RT-PCR) and specific rapid antigen test. RT-PCR test takes a long time expensive to get results, while simple fast alternative getting detection results. method used descriptive observational form literature review by reviewing existing literature. Several screening confirmato...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Glycoprotein B (gB), involved in cell-to-cell transmission of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), is a critical factor in tissue tropism and viral pathogenesis. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficiency of PCR-based RFLP and multiplex nested PCR for gB gene of HCMV to determine their genotype in clinical specimens from patients with HCMV. METHODS The PCR base...