We analyzed water samples from the confluence of three municipal sewage treatment effluent streams, surface water, and whole carp (Cyprinus carpio) for synthetic musks for a period of 7-12 months. The lipid content of each fish was determined and compared with the concentration of musks in the whole fish tissue. Enhanced methods were used for water sampling and musk extraction. The data present...

Micropollutants (MPs) from municipal wastewater are frequently detected in surface waters and occur in ecotoxicologically relevant concentrations. Therefore a broadly accepted method for the assessment of MPs is needed. Here we propose a procedure for the assessment of MPs from municipal wastewater. The method suggested comprises (1) an approach for the identification of potentially polluted si...

OPTIMIZING CONTROL OF OPERations in a municipal water-distribution system can reduce electricity costs and realize other economic benefits. However, optimal control requires an ability to precisely predict short-term water demand so that minimumcost pumping schedules can be prepared. One of the objectives of our project to develop an intelligent system for monitoring and controlling municipal w...

In municipal waterworks the operation of water and wastewater networks decides about the functioning of the sewage treatment plant that is the last element of the whole water and sewage system. The both networks are connected each other and the work of the water net affects the operation of the wastewater one. The parameters which are important for right leading of all waterworks objects are th...

Groundwater recharge with reclaimed municipal wastewater presents a wide spectrum of technical and health challenges that must be carefully evaluated prior to undertaking a project. This review will provide a discussion of groundwater recharge and its management with special reference to health and regulatory aspects of groundwater recharge with reclaimed municipal wastewater. At present, some ...

current study was carried out with aim to evaluate the effect of pressurized irrigation methods and furrow irrigation method with municipal effluent on distribution of salinity and moisture in the soil profile. the experimental study was designed by split plot layout with three irrigation methods including furrow, surface drip (sd) irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation (ssd) and two water q...

OBJECTIVE To survey knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding water use and infant feeding in the Koumassi District of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, and to evaluate the microbiologic quality of source and stored drinking water. DESIGN Random-cluster household survey. METHODS We randomly selected 20 clusters, each comprising six households with at least 1 child aged < or =3 years. In each hous...

In scene of worrisome water shortage, municipal wastewater has been gradually accepted as an alternative water resource containing important nutrients for irrigation. Rice cul‐ tivation, which is one of the main crops feeding global population and requires plenty of water for its effective growth, has been often irrigated by municipal wastewater in many countries. While irrigation of municipal ...

to examine how water retention characteristics in a landfill environment change as a result ofsolid waste settlement and to derive the evolution of pore size distribution, a lab scale long column experiment was carried out at two different time periods while keeping all the other characteristics constant. two columns, column 1 and column 2, were used in the study. the log normal distribution mo...

Economic valuation of water is useful in the administration and management of water. Population growth and urbanization caused municipal water demand increase in Iran. Limited water resource supply and urban water network capacity raised complexity in water resources management. Present condition suggests using economic value of water as a criterion for allocating policies and feasibility study...