Researchers from the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), the Peter Munk Cardiac Centre at the University Health Network, and the University of Toronto, Canada, analysed the outcomes for 16,524 people who arrived at hospital emergency departments in Ontario, Canada, with acute heart failure between 2004 and 2007. The patients were aged between 70-85 years old and 56% (9,275) of th...

The four-layered Aurivillius SrBi4Ti4O15 compound has been reported to be potentially used as a photocatalyst material. In this research, was prepared by the molten salt method using NaCl/KCl and then degrade methylene blue. analysis of sample diffractogram indicated that obtained but there still impurities Bi4Ti3O12. micrograph showed particle shape is plate-like (sheets) with lot agglomeratio...

The present paper is devoted to the comparison of determination methods optical pseudogap values Ag7(Si1-xGex)S5I (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) solid solutions by means two spectroscopy techniques: absorption and diffuse reflection. Optical was performed on thin single crystalline plane-parallel samples. Diffuse reflectance spectra were obtained samples in form microcrystalline powders (~ 10...

We extend the applicability of the recently revised Kubelka-Munk (K-M) theory to inhomogeneous optical media by treating inhomogeneous ink penetration of the substrate. We propose a method for describing light propagation in either homogeneous or inhomogeneous layers using series representations for the K-M scattering and absorption coefficients as well as for intensities of the upward and down...

We propose a spectral prediction model for predicting the reflectance and transmittance of recto-verso halftone prints. A recto-verso halftone print is modeled as a diffusing substrate surrounded by two inked interfaces in contact with air (or with another medium). The interaction of light with the print comprises three components: (a) the attenuation of the incident light penetrating the print...

A completely nonparametric approach to population bioequivalence in crossover trials has been suggested by Munk and Czado (1999). It is based on the Mallows (1972) metric as a nonparametric distance measure which allows the comparison between the entire distribution functions of test and reference formulations. It was shown that a separation between carry-over and period eeects is not possible ...

This paper implements a pricing procedure for commodity options, taking into account the stochastic nature of spot prices, currency exchange rates and convenience yields. Interest rate risk is also mentioned, but is not included in the numerical implementation. The analytic framework is heavily inspired by Miltersen&Schwartz(1998); however, while they allow the interest rate to be stochastic th...

For example, if Coating A has a contrast ratio of 0.920 and Coating B has a contrast ratio of 0.900, about all that can be said is Coating A has higher opacity than Coating B. We can say it is 0.020 higher, but it is not clear how to use this number to formulate Coating B to have equal hiding. Also, this is not helpful in deciding what to change in order to improve opacity. Fortunately, quantit...