Introduction The accretion of skeletal muscle tissue can be critical for a varied population including athletes and elderly. Skeletal muscle hypertrophy is largely mediated through increased muscle protein synthesis. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been shown to regulate rates of muscle protein synthesis and a mechanical stimulus (resistance exercise) has been shown to activate mTO...

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a critical protein for skeletal muscle development and regeneration. Its ability to promote skeletal muscle hypertrophy has been demonstrated by several methods. Alternative splicing of the Igf-1 gene does not affect the mature IGF-I protein but does produce different E peptide extensions, which have been reported to modify the potency of IGF-I. Viral-med...

The combined effect of advancing age and hemodynamic overload on cardiac muscle function has received little attention. In male, Sprague-Dawley rats, we studied the interaction of chronic atrioventricular heart block induced by transvenous electrocautery for 4-12 months (mean, 7 months) and age at study (12, 19 +/- 0.7, and 24 +/- 0.2 months) on cardiac hypertrophy and muscle function compared ...

Simple, primary, or idiopathic hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle in the adult resembles the congenital pyloric hypertrophy of infants, and no associated lesion, such as a peptic ulcer, is apparent. The hypertrophy, which narrows and elongates the pyloric canal, is limited to the muscle of the pyloric sphincter and, most commonly, mainly involves the circular muscle; sometimes it is focal. The c...

Increasing the understanding of the molecular and cellular players involved in the regulation of adult skeletal muscle mass is an important open issue in current muscle biology. Muscle mass is regulated through a delicate balance between protein synthesis and protein breakdown. Under conditions of muscle hypertrophy, protein synthesis exceeds protein breakdown, resulting in an increase in the s...

Our understanding of the pathophysiology of the overactive bladder is poor. It has been proposed that localized contractions result in the abnormal stretching of bladder smooth muscle. We hypothesize that stretch regulates the cellular processes that determine tissue size. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stretch on apoptosis, proliferation, cell hypertrophy, and growt...

Creatine supplementation has been found to significantly increase muscle strength and hypertrophy in young adults (</= 35 yr) particularly when consumed in conjunction with a resistance training regime. Literature examining the efficacy of creatine supplementation in older adults (55-82 yr) suggests creatine to promote muscle strength and hypertrophy to a greater extent than resistance training...

domain ceiling " exists such that additional increases in myofiber cross-sectional area require myonuclear addition. Accordingly, satellite cell-independent and-dependent phases of myofiber growth occur as shown by analyzing irradiated soleus muscles at multiple time points after a growth stimulus (17). As distinct phases of muscle growth exist, multiple time points are necessary to conclusivel...

UBR5 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase positively associated with anabolism, hypertrophy, and recovery from atrophy in skeletal muscle. The precise mechanisms underpinning UBR5’s role the regulation of muscle mass remain unknown. present study aimed to elucidate these by silencing gene vivo. To achieve this aim, we electroporated a UBR5-RNAi plasmid into mouse tibialis anterior investigate impact reduc...

Abstract Muscular hypertrophy depends on metabolic exhaustion as well mechanical load the muscle. Mechanical tension seems to be crucial factor stimulate protein synthesis. The present meta-analysis was conducted determine whether stretching can generate adequate induce muscle hypertrophy. We used PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus search for literature examining effects long-term mass, cross-s...