The nucleotide composition of the light (L-) and heavy (H-) strands of animal mitochondrial genomes is known to exhibit strand-biased compositional asymmetry (SCA). One of the possibilities is the existence of a replication-associated mutational pressure (RMP) that may introduce characteristic nucleotide changes among mitochondrial genomes of different animal lineages. Here, we discuss the infl...

Using a statistical-mechanical model of spins, the evolution of phenotype dynamics is studied. Configurations of spins and their interaction J represent the phenotype and genotype, respectively. The fitness for selection of J is given by the equilibrium spin configurations determined by a Hamiltonian with J under thermal noise. The genotype J evolves through mutational changes under selection p...

Genetic drift and mutational pressure have shaped the evolution of mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes, giving rise to mechanisms that regulate their gene expression, which often differ from those in their prokaryotic ancestors. Advances in next generation sequencing technologies have enabled highly detailed characterization of organelle transcriptomes and the discovery of new transcripts and...

Compositional bias of yeast chromosomes was analysed using detrended DNA walks. Unlike eubacterial chromosomes, the yeast chromosomes did not show the specific asymmetry correlated with origin and terminus of replication. It is probably a result of a relative excess of autonomously replicating sequences (ARS) and of random choice of these sequences in each replication cycle. Nevertheless, the l...

Activating JAK2 V617F mutation is present in many patients with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. We evaluated, retrospectively, clinical and laboratory data from 70 patients with BCR-ABL1 negative, JAK2 positive, chronic myeloproliferative disease. Quantity of the JAK2 mutant allele was tested for correlation with the clinical presentation, type of chronic myeloproliferative disease, hemog...

We have analyzed the relations between the mutational pressure, recombination and selection pressure in the bit-string model with sexual reproduction. For specific sets of these parameters we have found three phase transitions with one phase where populations can survive. In this phase, recombination enhances the survival probability. Even if recombination is associated, to some extent, with ad...

head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc) is the sixth most common cancer in the human population. despite significant efforts committed in treatment of oscc the overall survival rate of oscc has not improved significantly. activating mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (fgfr3) genes are responsible for some human cancers, including bl...