Helix-loop-helix transcription factors of the Ebf/Olf1 family have previously been implicated in the control of neurogenesis in the central nervous system in both Xenopus laevis and the mouse, but their precise roles have remained unclear. We have characterised two family members in the chick, and have performed a functional analysis by gain- and loss-of-function experiments. This study reveale...

Barrier tissues such as the skin contain various populations of immune cells that contribute to protection from infections. These include recently identified tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM). In the skin, these memory CD8(+) T cells reside in the epidermis after being recruited to this site by infection or inflammation. In this study, we demonstrate prolonged persistence of epidermal TRM pr...

INTRODUCTION Interactions between permanent social groups of primates can range from group fusion to mutual avoidance to actual attacks on and even killing of members of one group by those of another. Competitive interactions between groups could be expected in a population in which groups use the same limited resources where their home ranges overlap. Theories of kin selection predict that suc...

BACKGROUND Previous reports have shown a mutual negative feedback loop between microRNA (miR)-206 and estrogen receptor (ER) expression. Furthermore, decreased miR-206 expression in breast cancer (BC) is associated with the advanced clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. However, its role and the mechanism underlying the migration and invasion of ER positive BC remain unclear. RESULTS In t...

Mutual interactions between human breast cancer cells and endothelial cells were studied in a model mimicking tumor cell intravasation. MDA-MB-231 tumor cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cocultured on opposite sides of a Transwell filter allowing tumor cell contacts with the basement membrane of the HUVEC forming endothelium and tumor cell transendothelial migration....

in iran, the majority of vegetable oil producers , use pet for packaging their products . due to high solubility of pet oligomers in the oils , and shelf life of liquid oils , it is expected that some compounds migrate into the oil . this study was carried out to determine the amount of migration of terephtalates from pet bottles into sunflower oil and the effect of temperature and storage time...

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expresse...

migration of compounds from packaging materials is one of the most important aspects of food safety. epoxy resins have been in inner coatings of food cans since the 1960s. these resins can be produced from bisphenol-a diglycidyl ether (badge) that is also utilized as a starter. migration of potentially toxic compounds in epoxy resins used for commercial cans is a very important food safety issu...

Nowadays, undoubtedly, one of the severely potential hazards threatening societies due to migration processes is spread extremist ideologies terrorism among immigrants worldwide. The article analyzes effectiveness adaptation and integration mechanisms so as prevent extremism migrants. This paper illustrates that have significant multifunctional capabilities in preventing Different approaches so...