A gross anatomical study was made on the lacrimal apparatus in seventeen adult camels (4-10 years age), and three foetuses. The lacrimal gland is situated between the caudodorsal aspect of the eyeball and the supraorbital and frontal process of the frontal and zygomatic bones, respectively. The gland consists of two lobes, cranial and caudal. The excretory ducts were 3-4 in number, and opened i...

Purpose Primary ductal adenocarcinoma arising in the structures of the lacrimal apparatus is extremely rare, and the entity is considered a lacrimal counterpart of salivary duct carcinoma, of which the majority are known to express androgen receptor (AR). Less than 10 cases of AR-positive carcinomas of lacrimal gland or lacrimal sac have been described. Observations We present a primary ducta...

PURPOSE To compare success and extrusion rates of the monocanalicular and bicanalicular Crawford intubation systems (JEDMED Instrument Company, St. Louis, MO). METHODS A retrospective review of all children who were diagnosed as having congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction and treated with lacrimal intubation from 2005 to 2014 was performed. The total number of eyes included was 168 (75 an...

The Lacrimal apparatus starts from the lacrimal gland and ends at the Nasolacrimal ducts. The apparatus consists of the lacrimal gland and the lacrimal pathway. The integrity of the Lacrimal Apparatus in its secretory function and in its drainage mechanism is most vital for the normal functioning of the eye. Any factor which upsets the drainage mechanism distal to the sac or at the Nasolacrimal...

purpose: to compare success rates of external dacryocystorhinostomy (dcr) with and without bicanalicular silicone intubation for management of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. methods: in a randomized clinical trial study, 52 patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction underwent external dcr. patients were randomly enrolled into two groups. in the 1st group, exte...

PURPOSE We report a very good outcome in a 44-year-old woman in whom cancer was missed as the cause of nasolacrimal duct obstruction and dacryocystitis and which was deemed inoperable after spreading to the cavernous sinus. CASE REPORT The patient was referred to our unit 12 months following uneventful right dacryocystorhinostomy for nasolacrimal duct obstruction. This had been complicated by...

Purpose The aim of this study was to describe high-resolution dacryoendoscopy findings for nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) in three representative pediatric cases with different etiologies. Observations In a case of congenital NLDO, a mucosal membranous obstruction was observed at the distal end of the nasolacrimal duct (NLD), and a slit-shaped opening of the NLD was observed after perfo...

Introduction Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy aims to establish a patent nasolacrimal fistula. Use of silicone stent is preferred modification achieve long term patency neo-ostium, though it has been blamed for granulations, synechia and punctal erosion. Present study was done evaluate compare the outcomes with without stent. Materials Methods 40 patients chronic dacryocystitis duct blockage we...

PURPOSE To define the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes following treatment of symptomatic acquired lacrimal outflow obstruction (SALOO) in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1976 to 2000, and to test the hypothesis that the incidence of this disorder increased over this interval. METHODS In this retrospective, population-based study, the Rochester Epidemiology Project was used t...

A 73-year-old woman on topical pilocarpine and adrenaline for chronic simple glaucoma for three years presented with a mass in the medial canthus of the right eye. Although dacryocystography showed a dilated and partially obstructed nasolacrimal system, ultrasound examination was able to demonstrate a mass in the nasolacrimal duct. At operation a black dacryolith was found, of the diameter pred...