In this paper, several new universal preprocessing techniques are described to improve Prediction by Partial Matching (PPM) compression of UTF-8 encoded natural language text. These methods essentially adjust the alphabet in some manner (for example, by expanding or reducing it) prior to the compression algorithm then being applied to the amended text. Firstly, a simple bigraphs (two-byte) subs...

Scientific literature is an important medium for disseminating scientific knowledge. However, in recent times, a dramatic increase in research output has resulted in challenges for the research community. An increasing need is felt for tools that exploit the full content of an article and provide insightful services with value beyond quantitative measures such as impact factors and citation cou...

Natural-language (NL) interfaces built so far have primarily addressed the problem of accessing information stored in conventional data base systems. Among the proven capabilities exhibited by these systems are those that: • Provide reasonably good NL access to specific data bases • Access multiple, remote data bases. • Answer direct questions. ( "What is Smith's salary?") • Coordinate multiple...

We propose to present NLProv: an end-to-end Natural Language (NL) interface for database queries. Previous work has focused on interfaces for specifying NL questions, which are then compiled into queries in a formal language (e.g. SQL). We build upon this work, but focus on presenting a detailed form of the answers in Natural Language. The answers that we present are importantly based on the pr...

Collectively, the papers in this session are mainly concerned with parsing, semantic interpretation, and inference. Interest in these processes can be motivated if we recognize that the overall goal of the field of NLP is the manipulation of natural language in ways that depend on meaning. Parsing, the recovery of the linguistic or grammatical structure of a natural-language utterance, is of co...

O B J E C T I V E The m~n objective is basic research and system development leading to (1) characterization of information carried by (a) syntax, semantics, and discourse structure, (b) their relation to information carried by intonation, and (c) development of methods for using this information for generation and understanding; (2) development of architectures for integration of utterance pla...

74 AI MAGAZINE ■ This article is a sequel to an article titled “A New Direction in AI—Toward a Computational Theory of Perceptions,” which appeared in the Spring 2001 issue of AI Magazine (volume 22, No. 1, 73–84). The concept of precisiated natural language (PNL) was briefly introduced in that article, and PNL was employed as a basis for computation with perceptions. In what follows, the conce...

In this paper, we discuss the application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to improving speech prostheses for people with severe motor disabilities. Many people who are unable to speak because of physical disability utilize text-to-speech generators as prosthetic devices. However, users of speech prosthe-ses very often have more general loss of motor control and, despite aids suc...

The key developments of two decades of connectionist parsing are reviewed. Connectionist parsers are assessed according to their ability to learn to represent syntactic structures from examples automatically, without being presented with symbolic grammar rules. This review also considers the extent to which connectionist parsers offer computational models of human sentence processing and provid...

In this paper an efficient architecture for natural language processing is presented, implemented in hardware using FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays). The system can receive sentences belonging to a subset of Natural Languages (NL) from the internet or as SMS (Short Message Service). The recognition task of the input string uses Earley’s parallel parsing algorithm and produces intermediate...