Water vapor error function absorption coefficients for visible and near ir radiation have been recalculated from experimental transmission data. The error function absorption coefficients and the resulting transmissions as a function of precipitable water vapor are tabulated for wavelengths from 0.2 micro to 1.3 micro. Comparisons are made between computed and measured spectral transmittances.

A modular Fourier-transform spectrometer was designed and built for the noninvasive blood glucose measurement research using the near-infrared absorption technique. A series of experiments were performed to evaluate the spectrometer’s efficiency and its stability. The efficiency, which represents the photon loss through the spectrometer, is proportional to the achievable signal-to-noise ratio. ...

A compilation of the optical constants of ice Ih is made for temperatures within 60 K of the melting point. The imaginary part mim of the complex index of refraction m is obtained from measurements of spectral absorption coefficient; the real part mre is computed to be consistent with mim by use of known dispersion relations. The compilation of mim requires subjective interpolation in the near-...

Tissue inhomogeneity is often neglected in the analysis of the spectral data collected in tissues. We have measured the absorption and reduced scattering spectra of the human forearm in the wavelength range 633-841 nm, and in the range of source-detector separations 0.7-3.3 cm. We found that the layered tissue structure due to the skin and adipose layers may have a significant effect not only o...

In the present study we implemented a real-time feedback system based on multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Prior studies indicated that NIRS-based neurofeedback can enhance motor imagery related cortical activation. To specify these prior results and to confirm the efficacy of NIRS-based neurofeedback, we examined changes in blood oxygenation level collected in eight training sess...

Working memory is sensitive to aging-related decline. Evidence exists that aging is accompanied by a reorganization of the working-memory circuitry, but the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we examined aging-related changes in prefrontal activation during working-memory performance using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), a noninvasive neuroimaging te...

Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Surface Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy (DNP SENS) is an emerging technique that allows access to high-sensitivity NMR spectra from surfaces. However, DNP SENS usually requires the use of radicals as an exogenous source of polarization, which has so far limited applications for organometallic surface species to those that do not react with the radicals. Here we show that ...

Rapid non-invasive monitoring of spiny lobster nutritional condition has considerable application in the established fishery, live market and prospective aquaculture. The aim of this research was to test the feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a novel non-invasive tool to assess the nutritional condition of three lobster species. Lobster (n = 92) abdominal muscle dry matter (AMD...

To assess whether Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy could be used to evaluate and monitor lipid extraction processes, the extraction methods of Folch, Bligh and Lewis were used. Biomass of the oleaginous fungi Mucor circinelloides and Mortierella alpina were employed as lipid-rich material for the lipid extraction. The presence of lipids was determined by recording infrared spectra...