Background: Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia is a major dose-limiting toxicity of systemic cancer chemotherapy, and it is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and costs. The ability to predict the group of patients who are at high risk for neutropenic complications might help to reduce the morbidity due to febrile neutropenia and increase the likelihood of delivering full chemother...

We report the first case, to our knowledge, of Blastoschizomyces capitatus infection occurring in a patient receiving empirical echinocandin therapy for neutropenic fevers. Clinicians should consider B. capitatus infection in those neutropenic patients who remain febrile despite echinocandin therapy or who develop yeast bloodstream infections while receiving an echinocandin.

Infection continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with neoplastic disorders who are treated with myelosuppressive chemotherapy.1 In a granulocytopenic patient, fever may be the first and only sign of infection.2 Other clinical signs and symptoms that often indicate an infectious process may be blunted or missing in the presence of neutropenia. Thus, treating all f...

A 15 year old boy being treated for relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia developed severe diarrhoea and abdominal pain which worsened despite empirical antibiotic treatment. A right hemicolectomy was performed. The caecum and ascending colon showed changes typical of neutropenic enterocolitis. Clostridium tertium was isolated from faeces, blood cultures, and from the resected gut wall, with n...

Acute acalculous cholecystitis (ACC) is most frequently reported in critically ill patients following sepsis, extensive injury or surgery. It is rather uncommon as a chemotherapy-induced complication, which is usually life-threatening in neutropenic patients subjected to myelosuppressive therapy. A 23-year-old patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was subjected to myelosuppressive chemother...

BACKGROUND Bacterial infections are a major cause of illness and death in patients who are neutropenic after chemotherapy treatment for cancer. Trials have shown the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in decreasing the incidence of bacterial infections but not in reducing mortality rates. PURPOSE To evaluate whether antibiotic prophylaxis in neutropenic patients reduces mortality and incidenc...

Aspergillus galactomannan antigenemia is an accepted tool for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in neutropenic patients. Little known, however, about utility this biomarker to assess efficacy antifungal therapies. The pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) posaconazole treatment prophylaxis were investigated persistently rabbit model fumigatus IPA at doses between...

The levels of urinary and serum granulopoietic factor have been determined in nine patients with Felty's syndrome and compared with similar levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis without Felty's syndrome and patients with neutropenic disorders of other causes. These studies have shown that urinary and serum levels of colony stimulating activity (CSA) in patients with Felty's syndrome are ...

The incidence of mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infection confirmed by culture and occurring during febrile neutropenic episodes was determined in 43 patients with haematological malignancy. The outcome of 72 episodes of neutropenic fever was determined and correlated with the presence or absence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Twenty four patients had mucocutaneous HSV infection d...

Background: Invasive fungal infections in neutropenic patients treated for