Novel tertiary branched tetra-amines, quaternary branched penta-amines, linear penta-amines and linear hexa-amines were distributed as the major polyamines in six obligately extremely thermophilic eubacteria belonging to Thermoleophilum, Bacillus or Hydrogenobacter. The major polyamine of Thermoleophilum album and Thermoleophilum minutum was identified as a quaternary branched penta-amine, 4,4-...

PURPOSE Cancers exposed to chemotherapy develop multidrug resistance, a major cause for chemotherapy failure. One mechanism of multidrug resistance development is due to overexpression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in these cancer cells. Thus, a prechemotherapy evaluation of Pgp in cancer cells aids in the design of alternative regimens that can circumvent such failure. As few Pgp-specific antibodies...

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a 42-amino acid peptide produced by K cells of the mammalian proximal small intestine and is a potent stimulant of insulin release in the presence of hyperglycemia. However, its relative physiological importance as a postprandial insulinotropic agent is unknown. Using LGIPR2 cells stably transfected with rat GIP receptor cDNA, GIP (1-42) sti...

Porcine galanin (pGAL), its 15-amino-acid-residue fragment and five new analogues modified in positions 4, 6 or 14 were tested for their effects on glucose-induced insulin secretion from isolated rat pancreatic islets of Langerhans. In vitro insulin secretion was studied during static incubation. All peptides were tested at two concentrations: 100 nM and 1 microM. The insulin level in the prese...

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) are received a lot of attention as an intracellular delivery tool for hydrophilic molecules such as drugs, proteins, and DNAs. We designed and synthesized nona-arginine analogues 1-5 [FAM-β-Ala-(l-Arg-l-Arg-l-Pro)3-(Gly)3-NH2 (1), FAM-β-Ala-(l-Arg-l-Arg-l-Pro(NH2))3-(Gly)3-NH2 (2), FAM-β-Ala-(l-Arg-l-Arg-l-Pro(Gu))3-(Gly)3-NH2 (3), FAM-β-Ala-(l-Arg)2-(l-Pro(Gu))2...

Conformational exchange has been demonstrated within the regulatory domain of calcium-saturated cardiac troponin C when bound to the NH2-terminal domain of cardiac troponin I-(1-80), and cardiac troponin I-(1-80)DD, having serine residues 23 and 24 mutated to aspartate to mimic the phosphorylated form of the protein. Binding of cardiac troponin I-(1-80) decreases conformational exchange for res...

Hydroxylation of proline residues in the Yaa position of the Gly-Xaa-Yaa repeated sequence to 4(R)-hydroxyproline is essential for the formation of the collagen triple helix. A small number of 3(S)-hydroxyproline residues are present in most collagens in the Xaa position. Neither the structural nor a biological role is known for 3(S)-hydroxyproline. To characterize the structural role of 3(S)-h...

The presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in wastewater, its toxicity and the hardness for complete degradation constitutes a serious environmental problem scientific challenge. enzyme laccase is an oxidoreductase capable oxidizing phenolic compounds, being one most efficient biocatalysts BPA removal. immobilization laccases to lead solid essential their applications as it allows stabilization easy rec...

The hybrid perovskite copper(ii) guanidinium formate, C(NH2)3[Cu(HCO2)3], is a close analog of the inorganic material KCuF3, well-studied exemplar Heisenberg spin-12 antiferromagnetic chain. However, polymorphism known in based on different orbital ordering d9 Cu2+ ions, has never been observed C(NH2)3[Cu(HCO2)3]. We use density-functional theory calculation to construct hypothetical polymorph ...

The success of sulphanilamide as a chemotherapeutic agent encourages the investigation of other classes of compound for antibacterial properties. The compounds 'described in this paper were the long-chain amines, amidines and guanidines which had been shown by King, Lourie & Yorke [1938] to possess remarkable trypanocidal powers. They were chosen because they had a proved biological action, and...