Background: Appropriate hydration is fundamental in preventing nipple-areola skin barrier damage and cracking nipples. Methods: Nipple-areola complex skin hydration status with contemporary macro photography (x100) was evaluated at 36 ± 6 postpartum hours in breastfeeding women using non-invasive bioengineering methods. Results: Macro photography was found to be effective in describing both str...

Early studies of the mammary gland and its innervation led to the belief, at least in some quarters, that mammary activity is under the control of the nervous system.6 With the development of endocrinology, however, growth and function of the mammary apparatus were found to be determined by secretions of the ovaries and hypophysis. In a number of species mammary development identical with that ...

Introduction: Influencing factors in the success of breastfeeding are mother's knowledge how to breastfeed properly and correctly, which includes position mother baby's body, mouth, nipples. Purpose: To know primiparous mothers about good techniques. Methods: Descriptive quantitative research relates interprets data relating facts, circumstances, variables as they are. Results: Showed responden...

In the analysis of plastic surgery of the breast, in addition to size, form, and symmetry, the appropriate position of the nipple areola has the greatest influence on our aesthetic assessment. The position of the nipple defines the point of highest projection and is a reference point for orientation during the removal of the parenchyma and skin. The static methods used for marking the location ...

In dairy cattle, many farming practices have been associated with occurrence of mastitis but it is often difficult to disentangle the causal threads. Structural equation models may reduce the complexity of such situations. Here, we applied the method to examine the links between mastitis (subclinical and clinical) and risk factors such as herd demographics, housing conditions, feeding procedure...