Several surface treatments has been applied to the 4140 specimens which are exposed frictional conditions like gears in order increase wear resistance and hardness. Nitration is a common method improve hardness of surfaces. However, parameters must be chosen wisely. The temperature, time, flow rate during nitration SAE steels were optimized this study. ranges for selected as 470⁰C - 520⁰C 570⁰C...

Chemical modifications such as nitration and cross-linking may enhance the allergenic potential of proteins. The kinetics and mechanisms of the underlying chemical processes, however, are not yet well understood. Here, we present a size-exclusion chromatography/spectrophotometry method (SEC-HPLC-DAD) that allows a simultaneous detection of mono-, di-, tri-, and higher protein oligomers, as well...

Symmetrical non-aqueous organic redox flow batteries are highly promising systems for electrochemical energy storage. A higher solubility and density of a previously described robust ROM was obtained by straightforward nitration its core.

n,n-diethylethanaminium-2-(sulfooxy) ethyl sulfate was synthesized and used as  an efficient, green, and recyclable catalyst and solvent for the nitration of aromatic compounds by nitric acid at 80oc

nitration of phenol and various 4-substituted phenols with cu(no3)2.3h2o, cu(no3)2.3h2o/sio2, 9h2o and cr(no3)2. 9h2o in different anhydrous organic solvents are investigated. high selectivity ratio of para vs ortho isomers has been observed. mono- and dinitro compounds from phenol and 4-substituted phenols by choosing the proper solvents and reaction conditions, are also obtained with high sel...